Long-term outcomes and failure patterns after laparoscopic intersphincteric resection in ultralow rectal cancers

Table 5 Univariate and multivariate analyses through Cox regression for distal metastasis-free survival

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value
Age (> 60/ ≤ 60 yr)	1.506	0.817–2.779	0.190
Sex (female/male)	0.597	0.305–1.168	0.132
BMI (> 25/≤ 25 kg/m2)	0.783	0.401–1.530	0.474
CEA (> 5/≤ 5 ng/mL)	1.577	0.846–2.940	0.152
Tumor size (> 40/≤ 40 mm)	1.685	0.779–3.642	0.185
Tumor height from anal verge (cm)	1.685	0.779–3.642	0.185
Lymphovascular invasion (yes/no)	2.527	1.263–5.055	0.009	1.128	0.508–2.506	0.767
Nerve invasion (yes/no)	3.061	1.499–6.252	0.002	1.644	0.745–3.628	0.218
(y)p T stage (3/1-2)	3.912	1.810–8.456	0.001	2.741	1.225–6.137	0.014
Lymph node metastasis (yes/no)	3.410	1.829–6.358	< 0.001	2.445	1.272–4.698	0.007
Differentiation (poor/well-moderate)	2.451	1.130–5.314	0.023	1.446	0.634–3.301	0.381
nCRT (yes/no)	0.718	0.222–2.326	0.581
Adjuvant therapy (yes/no)	1.299	0.708–2.386	0.398

BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; nCRT: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.