Percutaneous management in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: A sum of single center experiences and a brief overview of the literature

Figure 4 Male, 45 years old. A and B: Axial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates enhancing brain lesions associated with alveolar echinococcosis (circles). Alveolar Echinococcosis is also prevalent in the parenchyma of the left lung (arrow); C: Percutaneous drainage was performed; typical calcifications (white arrow) are visible, as is the drainage catheter (black arrow); D: 3D axial plane cross sectional illustration image shows the percutaneous drainage catheter placement in the lesion cavity. PDC: Percutaneous drainage catheter; IVC: Inferior vena cava; Ao: Abdominal aorta; IVC: Inferior vena cava; St: Stomach; Sp: Spleen.