Percutaneous management in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: A sum of single center experiences and a brief overview of the literature

Figure 3 Female, 32-year-old. A: Alveolar Echinococcosis at right liver lobe, with typical peripheral calcifications and large central necrosis; B: 3D image in the coronal plane illustrates the location of the percutaneous drainage catheter and the external biliary drainage catheter in the patient; C: Drainage catheter can be seen in within the lesion (arrow); D: The shrunken lesion cavity and the regression of the dilatation in the left intrahepatic bile ducts are illustrated by 3D coronal plane image. PDC: Percutaneous drainage catheter; IVC: Inferior vena cava; EBDC: External biliary drainage catheter; LHV: Left hepatic vein; RHD: Right hepatic duct; LHD: Left hepatic duct; CHA: Common hepatic artery; HPV: Hepatic portal vein; CBD: Common biliary duct; Gb: Gallbladder; CD: Cystic duct.