Compliance with enhanced recovery after surgery predicts long-term outcome after hepatectomy for cholangiocarcinoma

Table 2 Characteristics of the patients according to enhanced recovery program after surgery compliance

Variable	n (%) or mean (SD)				P value1
	ERAS < 50 (n = 102)		ERAS ≥ 50 (n = 14)
Age	62.1	7.9	61.8	11.0	0.905
Gender (male)	67	65.7	5.0	35.7	0.031
Location					0.027
Intrahepatic	40	39.2	12.0	85.7
Bismuth I	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bismuth II	2	2.0	0.0	0.0
Bismuth IIIA	38	37.3	1.0	7.1
Bismuth IIIB	17	16.7	1.0	7.1
Bismuth IV	5	4.9	0.0	0.0
Type of CCA					0.442
MF	10	9.8	2.0	14.3
PI/FN	31	30.4	2.0	14.3
IG/PP	61	59.8	10.0	71.4
Procedure					0.285
Right hepatectomy	38	37.3	9.0	64.3
Extended right hepatectomy	18	17.7	0.0	0.0
Right trisectionectomy	12	11.8	0.0	0.0
Left hepatectomy	25	24.5	4.0	28.6
Extended left hepatectomy	3	2.9	0.0	0.0
Left trisectionectomy	2	2.0	0.0	0.0
Other	4	3.9	1.0	7.1
Vascular resection	7	6.9	1.0	7.1	0.969
Vascular inflow occlusion	39	38.2	7.0	50.0	0.399
EBL (mL)	647.1	490.5	446.4	273.5	0.138
Preoperative laboratory investigation
TB	2.1	2.6	0.8	0.7	0.070
AST	365.9	359.0	215.8	122.7	0.139
ALT	253.6	250.6	166.0	96.0	0.216
ALP	141.3	106.0	84.8	39.4	0.060
Alb	2.8	0.7	3.0	0.6	0.257
Cholesterol	133.7	39.7	156.9	29.7	0.045

¹P < 0.05 by chi squared or t-test where appropriate.

MF: Mass-forming; PI: Periductal infiltrating; FN: Flat-nodular; IG: Intraductal growth; PP: Papillary polypoid; ERAS: Enhanced recovery program after surgery; CCA: Cholangiocarcinoma; EBL: Estimated blood loss; TB: Total bilirubin; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; Alb: Albumin.