Prognostic role of serum carcinoembryonic antigen in patients receiving liver resection for colorectal cancer liver metastasis: A meta-analysis

Table 2 Summary of meta-analysis results

Outcome	Number of studies	Model	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value	Heterogeneity (P value, I2)
Pre-LR
OS	28	Fixed	1.61 (1.49-1.75)	< 0.001	0.035, 34.9%
Region
Europe	8	Fixed	1.60 (1.41-1.82)	< 0.001	0.086, 42.3%
Asia	15	Fixed	1.43 (1.25-1.63)	< 0.001	0.377, 6.8%
South America	1	Fixed	1.31 (0.78-2.20)	0.307	/
North America	4	Fixed	2.21 (1.82-2.69)	< 0.001	0.980, 0.0%
Treatment modality
LR alone	12	Fixed	1.46 (1.31-1.64)	< 0.001	0.405, 4.1%
LR + chemotherapy	14	Fixed	1.74 (1.52-1.98)	< 0.001	0.053, 41.4%
LR + radiofrequency ablation	2	Fixed	2.18 (1.63-2.91)	< 0.001	0.844, 0.0%
Analysis modality
Multivariate	20	Fixed	1.70 (1.55-1.87)	< 0.001	0.099, 29.8%
Univariate	6	Fixed	1.23 (1.00-1.52)	0.053	0.618, 0.0%
Survival curve	2	Fixed	1.62 (1.24-2.13)	< 0.001	0.067, 70.2%
Cut-off
≤ 5 ng/mL	9	Fixed	0.32 (0.21-0.43)	< 0.001	0.570, 0.0%
5-50 ng/mL	11	Fixed	0.54 (0.42-0.66)	< 0.001	0.034, 48.7%
100 ng/mL	3	Fixed	0.60 (0.11-1.09)	0.017	0.407, 0.0%
200 ng/mL	6	Fixed	0.65 (0.45-0.84)	< 0.001	0.565, 0.0%
DFS	4	Random	1.49 (0.97-2.29)	0.067	0.109, 50.4%
Region
South America	1	Random	1.89 (1.13-3.15)	0.015	/
Asia	1	Random	1.27 (0.63-2.57)	0.507	/
Europe	2	Random	1.65 (0.55-4.93)	0.373	0.049, 74.2%
Treatment modality
LR alone	3	Random	1.81 (1.20-2.72)	0.005	0.340, 7.4%
LR + chemotherapy	1	Random	1.04 (0.71-1.53)	0.833	/
Analysis modality
Multivariate	3	Random	1.81 (1.20-2.72)	0.005	0.340, 7.4%
Univariate	1	Random	1.04 (0.71-1.53)	0.833	/
Cut-off
> 5 ng/mL	1	Random	1.89 (1.13-3.15)	0.015	/
≤ 5 ng/mL	3	Random	1.37 (0.80-2.35)	0.255	0.142, 48.7%
RFS	8	Fixed	1.27 (1.11-1.45)	< 0.001	0.117, 37.8%
Region
Asia	7	Fixed	1.25 (1.09-1.43)	0.001	0.101, 41.6%
Europe	1	Fixed	1.71 (0.90-3.24)	0.101	/
Treatment modality
LR alone	5	Fixed	1.32 (1.14-1.53)	< 0.001	0.176, 34.8%
LR + chemotherapy	3	Fixed	1.10 (0.83-1.47)	0.509	0.135, 50.1%
Analysis modality
Univariate	3	Fixed	1.07 (0.76-1.49)	0.709	0.569, 0.0%
Survival curve	1	Fixed	1.85 (0.99-3.47)	0.055	/
Multivariate	4	Fixed	1.29 (1.11-1.49)	0.001	0.030, 66.5%
Cut-off
≤ 5 ng/mL	5	Fixed	0.22 (0.08-0.37)	0.003	0.060, 55.7%
5-50 ng/mL	2	Fixed	0.62 (0.12-1.13)	0.016	0.669, 0.0%
200 ng/mL	2	Fixed	0.11 (-0.32 to 0.54)	0.615	0.313, 1.9%
Post-LR
OS	8	Random	2.66 (2.10-3.38)	< 0.001	0.002, 68.7%
Region
Asia	2	Random	2.63 (1.87-3.70)	< 0.001	0.040, 76.2%
Europe	5	Random	3.04 (2.10-4.40)	< 0.001	0.022, 65.1%
Oceania	1	Random	1.63 (1.09-2.42)	0.016	/
Treatment modality
LR + chemotherapy	2	Random	2.75 (1.70-4.44)	< 0.001	0.046, 74.8%
LR alone	6	Random	2.66 (1.91-3.69)	< 0.001	0.003, 71.9%
Analysis modality
Multivariate	5	Random	2.23 (1.79-2.78)	< 0.001	0.061, 55.7%
Survival curve	2	Random	4.40 (2.58-7.51)	< 0.001	0.215, 35.0%
Univariate	1	Random	3.68 (2.35-5.79)	< 0.001	/
Cut-off
≤ 5 ng/mL	6	Random	1.07 (0.78-1.37)	< 0.001	0.001, 74.9%
5-50 ng/mL	1	Random	0.74 (0.36-1.13)	< 0.001	/
200 ng/mL	1	Random	0.64 (0.10-1.17)	0.019	/
DFS	2	Fixed	3.23 (2.20-4.75)	< 0.001	0.182, 43.8%
RFS	2	Fixed	2.38 (2.05-2.77)	< 0.001	0.160, 49.3%

OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease-free survival; RFS: Recurrence-free survival; CI: Confidence interval; LR: Liver resection.