Determining the need for a thoracoscopic approach to treat a giant hiatal hernia when abdominal access is poor

Table 1 Quantitative variables for the three types of hernia

		Group
		A		B		C		Total
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Sex, P = 0.231	Female	26	45.6	26	61.9	8	61.5	60	53.6
	Male	31	54.4	16	38.1	5	38.5	52	46.4
Surgery, P = 0.112	Dor	0	0	0	0	1	7.7	1	0.9
	Nissen	55	96.5	41	97.6	12	92.3	108	96.4
	Reduction	0	0	1	2.4	0	0	1	0.9
	Toupet	2	3.5	0	0	0	0	2	1.8
Perioperative complication, P = 0.0062	No	56	98.2	35	83.3	10	76.9	101	90.2
	Yes	1	1.8	7	16.7	3	23.1	11	9.8
Complications during follow-up, P = 0.031	No	36	63.2	25	59.5	3	23.1	64	57.1
	Yes	21	36.8	17	40.5	10	76.9	48	42.9
Recurrence, P = 0.00052	No	54	94.7	35	83.3	4	30.8	93	83
	Yes	3	5.3	7	16.7	9	69.2	19	17
Mortality, P = 0.131	No	57	100	42	100	13	100	112	100
	Yes	57	100	42	100	13	100	112	100
Mesh, P = 0.00052	No	57	100	36	85.7	8	61.5	101	90.2
	Yes	0	0	6	14.3	5	38.5	11	9.8
Paraoesophageal hernia, P = 0.0012	No	57	100	33	78.6	10	76.9	100	89.3
	Yes	0	0	9	21.4	3	23.1	12	10.7
Secondary procedure, P = 0.282	No	50	87.7	40	95.2	13	100	103	92
	Yes	7	12.3	2	4.8	0	0	9	8

¹χ² test.

²Fisher’s test.