Analysis of textbook outcomes for ampullary carcinoma patients following pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 3 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses of clinicopathological factors for recurrence free survival

Characteristic	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Textbook outcome
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.607 (0.382-0.963)	0.034	0.379 (0.228-0.629)	< 0.001
Year of surgery
1998-2010	Reference
2011-2020	1.030 (0.703-1.509)	0.879
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	1.009 (0.685-1.485)	0.965
Age (yr)
≤ 60	Reference
> 60	0.972 (0.652-1.449)	0.891
Operation time (h)
≤ 6	Reference
> 6	1.051 (0.689-1.603)	0.818
Blood transfusion
No	Reference
Yes	0.932 (0.638-1.363)	0.717
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 2.0	Reference		Reference
> 2.0	1.540 (1.051-2.257)	0.027	1.365 (0.909-2.048)	0.133
Differentiation
Poor	Reference		Reference
Moderate	1.112 (0.730-1.693)	0.622	1.472 (0.946-2.290)	0.086
Well	0.546 (0.307-0.974)	0.040	1.002 (0.508-1.976)	0.997
CA199
0-40	Reference
> 40	1.751 (1.145-2.677)	0.010	1.601 (1.025-2.501)	0.038
Unknown	1.225 (0.584-2.568)	0.591	1.646 (0.746-3.634)	0.217
N stage
N0	Reference		Reference
N1	1.801 (1.170-2.771)	0.008	1.675 (1.006-2.789)	0.047
N2	2.563 (1.173-5.604)	0.018	1.807 (0.833-4.138)	0.162
T stage
T1	Reference		Reference
T2	1.152 (0.613-2.166)	0.661	0.885 (0.446-1.754)	0.726
T3	2.488 (1.387-4.463)	0.002	1.419 (0.709-2.842)	0.323
Lymphovascular invasion
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	2.002 (1.321-3.033)	0.001	1.892 (1.161-3.081)	0.010
Adjuvant treatment
No	Reference
Yes	1.271 (0.730-2.215)	0.397
Unknown	0.671 (0.405-1.112)	0.122

95%CI: 95% Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio.