Clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection of superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors: A 10-year retrospective, single-center study

Table 4 Factors associated with endoscopic mucosal resection -related bleeding

	Bleeding (+) (n = 17)	Bleeding (-) (n = 41)	P value
Antiplatelet use			0.661
Yes	1 (14.3)	6 (85.7)
No	16 (31.4)	35 (68.6)
Lesion size, mm, n (%)			0.033
Size < 10	1 (5.0)	19 (95.0)
10 ≤ size < 15	8 (30.8)	18 (69.2)
15 ≤ size < 20	4 (57.1)	3 (42.9)
20 ≤ size	4 (80.0)	1 (20.0)
Results of resection, n (%)			0.218
En bloc	9 (23.1)	30 (76.9)
Piecemeal	8 (42.1)	11 (57.9)
Location, n (%)			0.855
Bulb	2 (22.2)	7 (77.8)
Second portion	15 (31.9)	32 (68.1)
Third portion	0 (0)	2 (100)
Macroscopic type, n (%)			0.950
Ip	2 (20.0)	8 (80.0)
Is	7 (29.2)	17 (70.8)
IIa or IIb	8 (33.3)	16 (66.7)
Final pathology			0.345
Adenoma/LGD	14 (26.9)	38 (73.1)
Adenoma/HGD and adenocarcinoma	3 (50.0)	3 (50.0)

LGD: Low-grade dysplasia; HGD: High-grade dysplasia