Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic vs open surgery for T2 gallbladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Meta-analysis results of all available studies in measured outcomes

Measured outcomes	Studies, n	Heterogeneity test		Model	RR/WMD	95%CI	P value
		I2 (%)	P value
Operative time	5	62	0.03	Random	-41.29	-75.66, -6.92	0.02a
Intraoperative blood loss	4	86	0.0001	Random	-261.96	-472.60, -51.31	0.01a
Hospital stays	5	76	0.002	Random	-5.67	-8.53, -2.81	0.0001a
Lymph nodes retrieved	5	79	0.0008	Random	-1.71	-4.27, 0.84	0.19
Transfusion	3	0	0.57	Random	0.60	0.31, 1.15	0.13
Complication	5	0	0.5	Random	0.72	0.39, 1.33	0.29
Recurrence	2	50	0.16	Random	0.41	0.06, 2.84	0.36
3-yr OS	3	40	0.19	Random	0.99	0.82, 1.18	0.89
5-yr OS	3	80	0.006	Random	1.02	0.68, 1.53	0.92
3-yr DFS	3	29	0.24	Random	1.01	0.84, 1.21	0.93
5-yr DFS	3	55	0.11	Random	1.15	0.90, 1.46	0.26

^aIndicates statistical significance.

CI: Confidence interval; DFS: Disease-free survival; OS: Overall survival; RR/WMD: Relative risk/weighted mean difference.