Real-time in vivo distal margin selection using confocal laser endomicroscopy in transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer

Table 4 Surgical and functional outcomes

Variable
Operative duration: Median (IQR), min	240 (202-265)
pCLE examination duration: Median (IQR), min	17 (15-18)
Estimated blood loss: Median (IQR), mL	27 (20-50)
DRM distance: Median (IQR), mm	7.0 (5.0-10.0)
Anastomotic leakage, n (%)	2 (4.7)
Positive DRM, n (%)	0 (0)
Wexner score1, median (IQR)	5 (3-6)
Anastomotic stenosis, n (%)	1 (2.3)
Recurrence, n (%)	1 (2.3)
Metastasis, n (%)	2 (4.7)

¹An incontinence score designed by Wexner, determined at 6 mo after stoma closure.

pCLE: Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy; DRM: Distal resection margin; IQR: Interquartile range.