Robotic transanal total mesorectal excision: Is the future now?

Table 3 Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, n (%)

Ref.	OT, min	TransanalOT, min	Abdominal OT, min	Blood loss, mL	Splenic flexure mobilization	Transanal specimen extraction	Defunctioning stoma	Anastomosis method (H/S/E)1	Anastomosis height (n)	Intraoperative complications	Conversion	Postoperative complications	Length of stay, d	Mortality
Verheijen et al[26], 2014	205	65		50	Yes	1 (100)	1 (100)	100%/0%/0%	Colorectal	No	No	No	3	0%
Gómez Ruiz et al[29], 2015	398 ± 882	123 ± 502	112 ± 272	90 ± 502	Yes	5 (100)	5 (100)	40%/60%/0%	Coloanal (2); Colorectal (3)	No	No	1 (20)	6 ± 12	0%
Atallah et al[30], 2015	376 (140-409)3			200 (50-300)3	Yes		3 (75)	75%/0%/25%	Coloanal (3)	No	No	3 (75)	4.3 (4-5)3	0%
Atallah et al[31], 2015	316			75			1 (100)	100%/0%/0%	Coloanal (1)	No	No	No		0%
Huscher et al[32], 2015	165.7 ± 54.42	55.5 ± 12.42			Yes	7 (100)	7 (100)	0%/100%/0%	Coloanal (7)	No	No	1 (14.29)	4.8 ± 0.62	0%
Kuo et al[33], 20167	473 (335–569)4			33 (30–50)4		15 (100)	5 (33.3)	100%/0%/0%	Coloanal (15)	1 (6.7)	2 (13.3) to laparoscopic	2 (13.3)	12.2 ± 1.52	0%
Hu et al[34], 2020	172.3 ± 24.22			82.0 ± 107.12	Yes (25)		L-colostomy 6 (30); L-ileostomy 8 (40)	10%/80%/10%	Coloanal (2); Colorectal (16)	1 (5)	No	7 (35)	8.8 ± 4.22	0%
Monsellato et al[35], 2019	530 (440–600)3			Inconsistent	Yes	3 (100)	3 (100)	100%/0%/0%	Coloanal (3)	No	No	No	10.6 (7-15)3	0%
Tan et al[36], 2020	132			20						No	No	No	6	0%
Suhardja et al[37], 2020	210	50	160			No	1 (100)	0%/100%/0%	Colorectal (1)	No	No	No	5	0%
Ye et al[38], 2021	240 (195–270)5	95 (74–100)5		60 (50–100)5	Yes	13 (100)	12 (92.3)	61.5%/38.5%/0%	Coloanal (9); Colorectal (4)	No	No	3 (23.1)	7 (6–10)5	0%

¹H/S/E: Hand-sewn/stapled/end-enterostomy.

²mean ± SD.

³Mean value (range).

⁴Median (range).

⁵Median (interquartile range).

OT: Operative time.