Closure techniques in exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection: Overview and future perspectives in the endoscopic suturing era

Table 4 Summary of studies reporting post-endoscopic full-thickness resection defect closure by the use of endoscopic suturing systems

Ref.	Study design	Lesions, n	Mean tumor size (range), cm	Site (cardia/antrum/ body/fundus)	R0	Surgical conversion	Suture technique	Suture technical success	Mean operation time (range), min	Mean suture time (range), min	Major adverse events
Andalib et al[35], 2018	CS	7	-	-	-	0	ESS	7	-	-	0
Xu et al[36], 2018	CR	1	2.4	0/0/0/1	1	0	ESS	1	-	-	0
Granata et al[37], 2018	CR	1	-	0/0/1/0	-	0	ESS (3 running sutures)	1	-	-	0
Dedania et al[38], 2018	CR	1	1.5	0/0/1/0	.	0	ESS (2 running sutures)	1	-	-	0
Inayat et al[40], 2019	CS	3	2.35 (1.85-3.20)	2/0/0/1	-	0	Clips omental-patch + ESS	3	-	-	0
Kerdsirichairat et al[41], 2019	CR	1	-	1/0/0/0	1	0	Clips omental-patch + ESS	1	-	-	0
Sachdev et al[42], 2020	CS	2	3.15 (2.8-3.5)	2/0/0/0	-	0	Clips omental-patch + ESS	2	-	-	0
Modayil et al[39], 2020	CR	1	2.5	0/0/0/1	1	0	ESS (1 running suture)	1	-	-	0

CS: Case series; ESS: Endoscopic suturing system; CR: Case report.