Endoscopic ultrasound guided gastrojejunostomy for gastric outlet obstruction

Table 4 Outcomes of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gastroenterostomy using a lumen-apposing self-expandable metal stent in benign and malignant gastric outlet obstruction[27,30,35-40]

	Itoi et al[30]	Tyberg et al[35]	Chen et al[36]		Kerdsirichairat et al[38]	Ge et al[37]	Jovani et al[39]	Wannhoff et al[27]	James et al[40]
Type of study	Single-center, Prospective	International, Retrospective	Multicenter, Retrospective		Single-center, Retrospective	Single-center, Retrospective	Single-center, Retrospective	Single-center, Retrospective	Single-center, Retrospective
Number of patients (n)	20	26	74		57	22	73	35	22
Number of malignant obstructions	20	17	49		48	22	64	33	0
Number of benign obstructions	0	9	25		9	0	9	2	22
EUS-GJ technique, n	EPASS n = 20	Direct n = 3, Balloon-assisted n = 13, Nasobiliary n = 3, Ultraslim scope n = 5, NOTES n = 2	Direct n =52	Balloon-assisted n = 22	Direct n = 57	Direct n = 24	Direct n = 73	Direct n = 22, Nasobiliary n = 10, other = 3	Direct n = 9, Orojejunal = 5, Balloon-assisted = 8
Technical success (%)	90	92	94.2	90.9	92.9	100	93	80	95.4
Clinical success (%)	NA	85	92.3	90.9	89.5	95.8	97	74.3	NA
Adverse events (%)	10	11.5	5.8	9.1	3.5	20.8	7.4	14.3	19
Recurrence/need for Reintervention (%)	NA	3.8	5.8	18.2	15.1	8	15	NA	23.8

EUS-GJ: Endoscopic ultrasound guided gastrojejunostomy; EPASS: Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided double balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass; NOTES: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery; NA: Not applicable.