Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 10 cm: A multi-institution long-term observational study

Table 3 Surgical and oncological outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, n (%)

	S-HCC, < 10 cm		L-HCC, ≥ 10 cm		P-value
Surgical mortality at 30-d	25 (0.7)		9 (2.1)		0.003
Patient number1	3559 (100)		426 (100)
Follow-up times in d, mean ± SD	1733.1 ± 1071.5		1175.3 ± 1034.2		< 0.001
Recurrence status					< 0.001
Yes	1568 (44.1)		256 (60.1)
No	1735 (48.7)		101 (23.7)
Never disease free	256 (7.2)		69 (16.2)
Recurrence pattern					< 0.001
Local2	1109 (70.7)		131 (51.2)
Regional3	88 (5.6)		10 (3.9)
Combined4	63 (4.0)		36 (14.1)
Distant	87 (5.5)		47 (18.4)
Death without recurrence	221 (14.1)		32 (12.5)
Disease free survival in d, median (IQR)	1024 (413-1907)		329 (121-1244)		< 0.001
1-yr DFS rate	2585 (78.3)		173 (48.5)		< 0.001
3-yr DFS rate	2037 (61.7)		129 (36.1)		< 0.001
5-yr DFS rate	1828 (55.3)		111 (31.1)		< 0.001
Final status					< 0.001
Alive	2424 (68.1)		175 (41.1)
Death - liver cause	795 (22.3)		195 (45.8)
Death - other cause	340 (9.6)		56 (13.1)
Overall survival (d) [median (IQR)]	1579 (871-2455)		801.5 (362-1818)		< 0.001
1-yr OS rate	3354 (94.2)		323 (75.8)		< 0.001
3-yr OS rate	2954 (83.0)		227 (53.3)		< 0.001
5-yr OS rate	2689 (75.6)		197 (46.2)		< 0.001

¹Number excluded surgical mortality (30-d mortality).

²Local recurrence include resection margin/remnant liver or trocar site.

³Regional recurrence include adjacent organs/regional LNs, or both.

⁴Combined recurrence include local and regional recurrence.

DFS: Disease-free survival; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; IQR: Interquartile range; L-HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma ≥ 10 cm; OS: Overall survival; SD: Standard deviation; S-HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma < 10 cm.