Comparison of safety, efficacy, and long-term follow-up between “one-step” and “step-up” approaches for infected pancreatic necrosis

Table 5 The long-term complication between the two surgical approaches during the follow-up period

Groups	“One-step” approach (n = 40)	“Step-up” approach (n = 63)	P value
Long-term complications
New-onset endocrine insufficiency, n (%)
Number of patients	12 (30)	28 (45)	0.143
Oral medication	9 (75)	20 (71.4)
Insulin	5 (41.7)	13 (46.4)
Exocrine insufficiency, n (%)
Fecal elastase-1, mean value	254.1 ± 107.8	257.9 ± 93.3	0.85
Fecal elastase-1 < 200 μg/g, n (%)	14 (35)	21 (33.3)	0.86
Pancreatic enzyme, n (%)	8 (20)	11 (20.8)	0.93
Recurrent pancreatitis, n (%)	7(17.5)	13(20.6)	0.69
Chronic pancreatitis, n (%)	4 (10)	7 (11.1)	0.86
Incisional hernia, n (%)	9 (20.5)	4 (6.3)	0.03
Clinical symptoms, n (%)
Diarrhea	16 (40)	23 (36.5)	0.72
Bloating	21(52.5)	28(44.4)	0.43
Abdominal pain	10 (25)	13 (20.6)	0.60
Weight loss	31 (77.5)	47 (74.6)	0.74
Pancreatic pseudocyst, n (%)	2 (5)	5 (7.9)	0.56
Pancreatic portal hypertension, n (%)	2 (5)	3 (4.8)	0.96
Pancreatic cancer, n (%)	0	0	-