Comparison of safety, efficacy, and long-term follow-up between “one-step” and “step-up” approaches for infected pancreatic necrosis

Table 4 The changes of inflammatory indicators and vital signs between two surgical approaches during the perioperative period

Groups	“One-step” approach (n = 61)	“Step-up” approach (n = 97)	P value
Indicators
Preoperative inflammatory indicators
White blood cells (109/L)	11.04 ± 6.31	11.33 ± 6.03	0.77
Neutrophil percentage (%)	80.86 ± 8.3	79.57 ± 8.9	0.36
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	115.3 ± 81.8	118.5 ± 85.7	0.81
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)	1.18 ± 1.0	1.08 ± 2.2	0.73
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)	113 ± 91.8	116 ± 95.1	0.93
Preoperative vital signs
Body temperature (℃)	38.5 ± 0.6	38.0 ± 0.8	0.94
Respiratory frequency (times/min)	25.8 ± 4.8	23.1 ± 4.9	0.67
Heart rate (times/min)	116.1 ± 14.2	107 ± 15.1	0.33
Inflammatory indicators on the 3rd postoperative day
White blood cells (109/L)	9.91 ± 4.5	10.1 ± 4.4	0.54
Neutrophil percentage (%)	78.9 ± 6.8	78.1 ± 7.2	0.97
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	91.6 ± 40.6	91.1 ± 53.3	0.92
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)	0.84 ± 0.6	0.79 ± 0.5	0.71
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)	91.2 ± 60.2	94.7 ± 68.4	0.31
Vital signs on the 3rd postoperative day
Body temperature (℃)	38.1 ± 0.4	37.8 ± 0.7	0.49
Respiratory frequency (times/min)	23.8 ± 6.1	22.7 ± 4.3	0.86
Heart rate (times/min)	105.1 ± 21.9	100 ± 24.9	0.68
Inflammatory indicators on the 7th postoperative day
White blood cells (109/L)	7.51 ± 3.0	7.48 ± 2.4	0.96
Neutrophil percentage (%)	69.30 ± 6.1	65.14 ± 7.8	0.43
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	62.63 ± 25.6	68.05 ± 38.1	0.54
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)	0.37 ± 0.3	0.31 ± 0.2	0.94
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)	46.3 ± 22.6	49.7 ± 27.4	0.48
Vital signs on the 7th postoperative day
Body temperature (℃)	37.0 ± 0.6	37.3 ± 0.4	0.95
Respiratory frequency (times/min)	19.4 ± 2.3	19.1 ± 2.8	0.83
Heart rate (times/min)	90.1 ± 13.7	85.2 ± 14.1	0.61