Comparison of safety, efficacy, and long-term follow-up between “one-step” and “step-up” approaches for infected pancreatic necrosis

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of infectious necrotizing pancreatitis patients who underwent necrosectomy

Groups	“One-step” approach (n = 61)	“Step-up” approach (n = 97)		P value
Baseline characteristics
Sex			0.61
Female	19	34
Male	42	63
Age (yr)	52.16 ± 11.51	50.57 ± 13.71	0.45
BMI (kg/m2)	26.20 ± 3.78	25.91 ± 3.91	0.73
Cause of AP			0.36
Gallstone	31	48
Alcohol	3	2
Hyperlipidaemia	15	34
Others	12	13
Concomitant disease			0.15
Cardiovascular disease	29	37
Pulmonary disease	8	13
Chronic renal insufficiency	4	21
Diabetes	13	16
Others	7	10
ASA score			0.42
I: Healthy status	30	58
II: Mild systemic status	30	38
III: Severe systemic status	1	1
APACHE-II score	13.9 ± 5.1	14.2 ± 5.4	0.71
CT severity index	6.65 ± 2.55	7.19 ± 2.18	0.18
Severity of AP			0.79
Moderately AP	27	45
Severely AP	34	52
Extent of pancreatic necrosis			0.07
< 30%	35	41
30%-50%	11	33
> 50%	15	23
Preoperative inflammatory indicators
White blood cells (109/L)	11.04 ± 6.31	11.33 ± 6.03	0.77
Neutrophil percentage (%)	80.86 ± 8.3	79.57 ± 8.9	0.36
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	115.3 ± 81.8	118.5 ± 85.7	0.81
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)	1.18 ± 1.0	1.08 ± 2.2	0.73
Interleukin 6 (pg/mL)	113 ± 91.8	116 ± 95.1	0.93
Organ failure			0.49
Single	10	14
Multiple	5	14
None	46	69
Time from onset of disease to admission (days)	32.20 ± 20.75	53.69 ± 38.14	< 0.001
Time from onset of disease to initial surgical treatment (days)	54.38 ± 10.46	76.58 ± 17.03	< 0.001
Tertiary referral (%)	56 (91.8%)	96 (98.9%)	0.06

CT: Computed tomography; AP: Acute pancreatitis; BMI: Body mass index.