Management of synchronous lateral pelvic nodal metastasis in rectal cancer in the era of neoadjuvant chemoradiation: A systemic review

Table 3 Outcomes of total mesorectal excision and lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in suspicious lateral pelvic lymph node metastases

Ref.	Primary Surgery	T Stage	No. of patients with s-LLNM	No. of “responder” post CRT	No. of pathologic (+) LLN	Morbidity (%)	Recurrence	Overall survival	Disease free survival
Ogura et al[21]	Sphinc-sav1 65%	T2 2%	107	NA	26 (24%)	33.60%	3-yr 3.2%	3-yr 95.8%	3-yr 84.7%
	Sphinc-sac2 35%	T3/4 98%
Ishihara et al[22]	NA	T1/2 42%	31	11 (35%)	1 (9%)3	NA	5-yr 0%	5-yr 81.2%	5-yr 100%
		T3/4 58%			15 (75%)4
Toshiya et al[23]	NA	All T3/4	30	NA	NA	NA	5-yr 3.5%	5-yr 78.2%	5-yr 72.1%
Akiyoshi et al[24]	Sphinc-sav1 61%	T2 1%	77	49 (64%)	10 (20%)3	NA	NA	NA	3-yr3 90%
	Sphinc-sac2 39%	T3/4 99%			21 (75%)4				3-yr4 78%
Otowa et al[25]	NA	All T3/4	10	NA	3 (30%)	NA	NA	NA	NA
Oh et al[26]	Sphinc-sav1 78%	T2 3%	66	30 (45%)	3	43.90%	LR 2%5 5%6	5-yr 58.7%	5-yr 41.2%
	Sphinc-sac2 22%	T3/4 97%			224 (61%)		SR+LR 2%5 27%6	5-yr3 77.1%	5-yr3 72.5%
							SR 16%5 32%6	5-yr4 44.6%	5-yr4 33.7%
Akiyoshi et al[27]	Sphinc-sav1 55%	All T3/T4	38	NA	25 (66%)	36.80%	LR 2.7%	NA	3-yr 83.8%
	Sphinc-sac2 45%
Liang et al[28]	Sphinc-sav1 82%	All T3/T4	34	NA	324 (71%)	20.60%	LR 3%	2-yr4 97.1%	NA
	Sphinc-sac2 18%						SR+LR 3%
							SR 21%
Park et al[29]	Sphinc-sav1 88%	All T3	9	NA	64 (66%)	18.70%	LR 6%	NA	NA
	Sphinc-sac2 12%						SR 13%

¹Sphincter-saving.

²Sphincter-sacrificing.

³Radiological responder post CRT.

⁴Radiological non-responder post CRT.

⁵Pathological responder.

⁶Pathological non-responder. s-LLNM: Suspicious lateral pelvic lymph node metastases; CRT: Chemoradiation therapy; LLN: Lateral pelvic lymph node; LR: Local recurrence; SR: Systemic recurrence; NA: Not available.