Management of synchronous lateral pelvic nodal metastasis in rectal cancer in the era of neoadjuvant chemoradiation: A systemic review

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

Ref.	Study period	Study centre	Study Type	Evidence	Intervention	Study sample	Description	Data on RR post CRT
Kim et al[10]	2009-2011	Goyang National Cancer Center, South Korea	Case control	3b	TME	157	Compare outcomes of radio+ vs - LLNM post CRT	Yes
Inoue et al[11]	2001-2013	Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan	Case control	3b	TME	19	Compare outcomes of radio+ vs - LLNM patients post CRT	Yes
Kim et al[12]	2001-20091	Goyang National Cancer Center and Seoul National university cancer hospital, South Korea	Case series	4	TME	212	Identify prognostic factors for LLN recurrence in locally advanced rectal ca post CRT	No
MERCURY Study group[18]2	2002-2003	Participating centres in MECURY Group	Case control	3b	TME	38	Compare outcomes of radio+ vs - LLNM patients post CRT	No
Dharnarajan et al[13]	2000-2005	Washington University School of Medicine, United States	Case control	3b	TME	30	Compare outcomes of radio+ vs - LLNM patients post CRT	No
Kim et al[14]	2001-20051	Goyang National Cancer Center, South Korea	Case series	4	TME	64	Identify prognostic factors for LLN recurrence in locally advanced rectal ca post CRT	Yes
Ogura et al[21]	2005-2014	Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan	Case control	3b	TME and LLND	107	Compare laparoscopic TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM vs TME for radio- LLNM based on pre-CRT imaging3	No
Ishihara et al[22]	2003-2015	University of Tokyo, Japan	Case control	3b	TME and LLND	31	Compare TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM and TME for radio- LLNM based on pre-CRT imaging3	Yes
Toshiya et al[23]	1985-20121	Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan	Case control	3b	TME and LLND	30	Evaluate outcomes preopCRT vs no CRT in patients undergoing open TME and LLND	No
Akiyoshi et al[24]	2004-20131	Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan	Case series	3b	TME and LLND	77	Outcomes of TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM based on pre-CRT imaging (MRI)	Yes
Otowa et al[25]	2005 -2013	Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan	Case series	3b	TME and LLND	10	Outcomes of TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM based on pre-CRT imaging (MRI)	No
Oh et al[26]	2004-2011	(1) Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; (2) Seoul National University Hospital; (3) National Cancer Center, South Korea	Cohort study	2b	TME and LLND	66	Compare outcomes of patients with responsive vs non-responsive LLNM post-CRT who underwent TME and LLND based on pre-CRT imaging of radio+ LLNM	Yes
Akiyoshi et al[27]	2004-20101	Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan	Case control	3b	TME and LLND	38	Compare TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM vs TME for radio- LLNM based on pre-CRT imaging3	No
Liang et al[28]	20102	National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan	Case series	4	TME and LLND	34	Outcomes of laparoscopic TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM based on post-CRT imaging	No
Park et al[29]	2003-2009	Kyungpook National University hospital, South Korea	Case series	4	TME and LLND	9	Outcomes of laparoscopic/ robotic TME and LLND for patients with radio+ LLNM based on post-CRT imaging	No

¹Study period not specified.

²Potential overlapping data.

³Additional LLND was performed or patients with radiologically +/enlarged LLN based on pre-CRT imaging. +: Positive; -: Negative; Radio: Radiologically; RR: Radiological response; CRT: Chemoradiation therapy; LLNM: Lateral pelvic lymph node metastases; CRT: Chemoradiation therapy; LLN: Lateral pelvic lymph node; LLND: Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection; TME: Total mesorectal excision; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.