Comparison of treatment modalities in pancreatic pseudocyst: A population based study

Table 3 Procedure related complications, n (%)

Complications	Percutaneous	Laparoscopic	Open surgical	P value
	n = 347	n = 248	n = 107
Transfusion of RBC	39 (11.2)	7 (2.8)	20 (18.7)	< 0.001a
Transfusion of FFP	4 (1.2)	4 (1.6)	4 (3.7)	0.19
Transfusion of Platelet	2 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.36
Mechanical ventilation	37 (10.7)	18 (7.3)	12 (11.2)	0.31
Pulmonary embolism	11 (3.2)	5 (2.0)	2 (1.9)	0.60
Acute deep vein thrombosis	3 (0.9)	3 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	0.52
Acute renal failure	84 (24.2)	49 (19.8)	12 (11.2)	0.01a
Urinary tract infection	34 (9.8)	12 (4.8)	2 (1.9)	0.01a
Pneumonia	21 (6.1)	8 (3.2)	6 (5.6)	0.28
Sepsis	109 (31.4)	34 (13.7)	23 (21.5)	< 0.001a
Acute hepatic failure	5 (1.4)	6 (2.4)	1 (0.9)	0.53
Acute respiratory failure	60 (17.3)	24 (9.7)	9 (8.4)	0.01a
Exacerbation of heart failure	19 (5.5)	13 (5.2)	2 (1.9)	0.30
Cardiac arrest	5 (1.4)	3 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	0.47
Intraabdominal abscess	34 (9.8)	14 (5.6)	8 (7.5)	0.18

^aP < 0.05. RBC: Red blood cell; FFP: Fresh frozen plasma.