Liver graft preservation methods during cold ischemia phase and normothermic machine perfusion

Table 1 Graft preservation solutions[31,32,58,59]

	UW	HTK	CE	IGL-1	SCOT
Potassium	High	Low	Low	High	Low
HES	Yes	No	No	No	No
PEG	No	No	No	PEG-35	PEG-20
Impermeant substances	Raffinose, lactobionate	No	Lactobionate	Raffinose, lactobionate	No
3-yr graft survival	75%	69% (P < 0.0001)	73%	75%	N/A
Special features	High viscosity, prevention of edema, ATP precursor and anti-oxidant components	No oncotic agents, potent buffer system, lower viscosity and potentially better penetration to the liver microcirculation, reported risk for reduced graft survival	No oncotic agents, lower viscosity and potentially better penetration to the liver microcirculation	Reported to be advantageous for suboptimal livers	Reported to reduce transplant cholestasis, to be involved in “immune-camouflage” process[31,58,59]

UW: University of Wisconsin solution; HTK: Histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate solution; CE: Celsior solution; IGL-1: Institute Georges Lopez solution; SCOT: Tissue and Organ Conservation Solution; HES: Hydroxyethyl-starch; PEG: Polyethylene-glycol; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate.