Basic Study
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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Aug 15, 2022; 13(8): 622-642
Published online Aug 15, 2022. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i8.622
Table 1 Statistical analysis of wound healing rate at different times
Time 0 d (%) 3 d (%) 7 d (%) 14 d (%) Control group 0 10.41 ± 0.24 17.43 ± 0.13 33.73 ± 0.28 Experimental group 0 32.78 ± 0.46 38.14 ± 0.28 53.11 ± 0.07 Homogeneity of variance — √ √ √ P value— < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05
Table 2 Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry full spectrum identification results
No. RT (min) Relative content (%) Qualitative CAS Name 1 26.36 0.59 51.56 512-61-8 (-)-α-Santalene 2 27.07 0.26 25.81 87-44-5 Caryophyllene 3 29.71 1.86 65.77 495-60-3 α-Zingiberene 4 29.83 0.64 14.58 495-61-4 6-methyl-2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)hept-1,5-diene 5 30.64 1.95 60.85 20307-83-9 β-Sesquiphellandrene 6 30.7 1.33 80.1 644-30-4 α-Curcumene 7 34.21 0.38 26.47 56192-70-2 (Z)-a-Atlantone 8 34.27 0.23 61.92 1139-30-6 Caryophyllene oxide 9 34.36 0.30 19.52 83173-76-6 2-Methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-buten-1-ol 10 34.52 0.25 58.19 108549-47-9 (6Z)-2-Methyl-6-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ylidene)-2-hepten-4-one 11 35.47 0.58 29.36 639-99-6 Elemol 12 35.78 0.28 58.71 145512-84-1 Trans-Sesquisabinene hydrate 13 36 0.37 62.02 58334-55-7 Zingiberenol 14 36.57 0.74 86.3 6989-21-5 Atractylon 15 36.83 0.25 12.5 82508-14-3 2-methyl-6-(4-methylidenecyclohex-2-en-1-yl)hept-2-en-4-one 16 37.23 0.77 22.65 1209-71-8 γ-Eudesmol 17 37.41 20.74 91.81 180315-67-7 Tumerone 18 37.67 13.80 22.04 1460-73-7 Agarospirol 19 37.81 1.75 38 112-39-0 Methyl palmitate 20 38.41 1.26 41.2 473-16-5 a-Eudesmol 21 38.48 0.72 9.97 515-20-8 Costol 22 38.65 9.06 76.48 473-15-4 β-Eudesmol 23 39.1 24.33 97.75 532-65-0 ar-Turmerone 24 39.28 0.24 11.67 19888-00-7 4,8-Cycloundecadien-1-ol, 6,6,9-trimethyl-2-methylene-, (1R,4E,8E)- 25 39.47 0.23 4.42 65646-68-6 N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide 26 39.64 0.39 8.22 19912-67-5 (+)-Epicubenol 27 39.9 0.85 49.47 30666-87-6 2-Methyl-6-(4-methylphenyl)-4-heptanone 28 40.16 1.05 49.07 72441-71-5 (6R,7R)-Bisabolone 29 40.53 2.23 89.2 108645-54-1 (E)-Atlantone 30 40.89 0.65 82.79 120681-80-3 2-Cyclohexene-1-propanol,g-methyl-4-methylene-a-(2-methyl-1-propen-1-yl) 31 41.58 0.45 75.15 112-61-8 Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester 32 41.88 1.87 16.03 112-62-9 Methyl oleate 33 41.98 0.65 7.88 1937-62-8 trans-octadec-9-enoicacidmethylester 34 42.55 1.03 26.03 112-63-0 methyl linoleate 35 43.54 0.42 42.85 301-00-8 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester 36 43.61 0.22 4.63 29550-55-8 Teresantalol(7CI) 37 44.58 0.24 88.5 69301-27-5 2-(1,5-Dimethyl-4-Hexenyl)-5-Methyl-Phenol 38 43.85 0.84 6.23 38142-57-3 2-Methyl-6-(p-tolyl)hept-2-en-4-ol 39 45.01 1.11 28.14 3218-36-8 4-Biphenylcarboxaldehyde 40 46.86 0.84 75.64 4666-84-6 Proximadiol 41 47.75 0.46 98.07 949081-10-1 (S)-3-Methyl-6-((S)-6-methyl-4-oxohept-5-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enone 42 48.71 0.24 9.54 2566-90-7 Methyl 4,7,10,13,16,19-cis-docosahexanenoate 43 51.08 2.31% 83.12 1957-10-3 Palmitic acid
Table 3 Ultra-performance liquid chromatography full spectrum identification results
No. Name CAS Molecular weight RT (min) Relative concentration (μg/mL) 1 DL-Arginine 7200-25-1 174.11175 0.783 24.44253696 2 Nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine 60599-38-4 158.06914 0.817 15.74503993 3 Gluconic acid 526-95-4 196.05765 0.821 82.48616363 4 D-(+)-Proline 344-25-2 115.06357 0.846 15.35704499 5 Cabotegravir 1051375-10-0 405.11182 0.847 20.08010135 6 α,α-Trehalose 99-20-7 342.11623 0.847 409.0449144 7 D-(-)-Quinic acid 77-95-2 192.06275 0.85 56.2670819 8 Isocitric acid 320-77-4 192.02637 0.939 63.29259087 9 Citric acid 77-92-9 192.02637 1.169 145.2856943 10 Gallic acid 149-91-7 170.02078 1.899 23.57871448 11 Chlorogenic acid 327-97-9 354.09527 5.332 44.58986172 12 Catechin 88191-48-4 290.07917 5.431 98.07463825 13 methyl chlorogenate 123483-19-2 368.11081 5.501 18.15074983 14 6-Acetylcodeine 6703-27-1 341.16237 5.886 12.3548527 15 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-(6-deoxy-β-L-mannopyranosyl)-6-O-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside 61303-13-7 624.20617 6.092 20.78761602 16 (3R,5R)-1,3,5-Trihydroxy-4-{[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoyl]oxy}cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 2613-86-7 368.11084 6.196 201.3429867 17 Emodin-8-Beta-D-Glucoside 23313-21-5 432.10571 6.579 7.280885459 18 2-[4-[3-[3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 74639-14-8 550.16902 6.625 13.98565399 19 Baicalin 21967-41-9 446.0852 6.663 16.85569046 20 Liquiritin 551-15-5 418.12676 6.737 22.91985259 21 Naringin 10236-47-2 580.17964 6.959 26.36327029 22 Hesperidin 520-26-3 610.19038 7.191 85.82076776 23 Azelaic acid 123-99-9 188.1042 7.548 4.773123466 24 Berberine 2086-83-1 335.11525 8.242 232.2489146 25 isosakuranetin-7-O-rutinoside 14259-47-3 594.19556 8.493 4.34803523 26 Tinnevellin glucoside 80358-06-1 408.14228 8.786 13.59498227 27 Daidzein 486-66-8 254.05778 9.009 13.05981793 28 Chrysophanol 8-O-β-D-glucoside 13241-28-6 416.11099 9.01 17.88080565 29 Licoricesaponin G2 118441-84-2 838.39998 9.824 7.195669531 30 Luteolin 491-70-3 286.04776 9.909 1.034661042 31 (15Z)-9,12,13-Trihydroxy-15-octadecenoic acid 95341-44-9 330.24071 9.938 19.41925634 32 Rheic acid 478-43-3 284.03211 11.029 81.8044913 33 Bisdemethoxycurcumin 24939-16-0 308.10496 11.328 153.9247824 34 6-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid 16712-64-4 188.04652 11.328 7.047135466 35 Demethoxycurcumin 22608-11-3 338.11567 11.473 151.9906609 36 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 76735-58-5 370.14168 11.541 55.08087646 37 Curcumin 458-37-7 368.12606 11.619 307.1972754 38 Isoimperatorin 482-45-1 270.08918 11.847 1.025466018 39 Genistein 446-72-0 270.05279 12.256 153.8276373 40 (+/-)9-HODE 98524-19-7 296.23511 13.146 23.43829567 41 (+)-ar-Turmerone 532-65-0 216.15135 13.605 23.84749189 42 Indane 496-11-7 118.07843 13.605 27.63249372 43 Prespatane 100387-71-8 204.18777 13.956 2.010509748 44 (+)-Nootkatone 4674-50-4 218.16696 14.497 16.6606139 45 Aristolone 6831-17-0 218.16696 14.588 45.88543598 46 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) 119-47-1 340.24015 16.788 25.70628216
Table 4 Ruyi Jinhuang powder “Chinese medicine-ingredients-target” correspondence
CAS Name GenecardID Attribution 512-61-8 (-)-α-Santalene PTGS2, CHRM2 JH 87-44-5 Caryophyllene PTGS2, CHRM2 BZ, JH, CZ, ZHP, TNX 495-60-3 α-Zingiberene PTGS2, DPP4 JH 20307-83-9 β-Sesquiphellandrene PTGS2 JH 644-30-4 α-Curcumene PTGS2, TOP2A, DPP4 JH 1139-30-6 Caryophyllene oxide CHRM2, DPP4 ZHP, TNX 639-99-6 Elemol CHRM2 ZHP, JH 58334-55-7 Zingiberenol CHRM2 JH 6989-21-5 Atractylon SCN5A, CHRM4, HTR2A, CHRM2, OPRM1 CZ 82508-14-3 2-methyl-6-(4-methylidenecyclohex-2-en-1-yl)hept-2-en-4-one PTGS2, CHRM2 JH, ZHP, CZ 112-39-0 Methyl palmitate PTGS2, IL-10, TNF, IL-6 JH, ZHP, BZ, HB, THF 473-15-4 beta-Eudesmol CHRM2 ZHP, JH, CZ 532-65-0 (6S)-2-methyl-6-(4-methylphenyl)hept-2-en-4-one DPP4, PTGS2, CHRM2x, ampC JH 112-62-9 Methyl oleate RXRA ZHP, THF 1937-62-8 trans-octadec-9-enoicacidmethylester RXRA ZHP, THF 112-63-0 methyl linoleate PTGS2, RXRA BZ, THF, ZHP, TNX 301-00-8 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- PTGS2, RXRA THF 38142-57-3 2-Methyl-6-(p-tolyl)hept-2-en-4-ol PTGS2, CHRM2, DPP4, ampC, RXRA THF, ZHP, TNX 1957—10—3 Palmitic acid PTGS2, IL-10, TNF, PCYT1A DH, ZHP, THF 149-91-7 Gallic acid PTGS2, PTPN1, TOP2A DH, TNX, CP, GC, JH 23313-21-5 Emodin-8-Beta-D-Glucoside TOP2A DH 458-37-7 Curcumin PTGS2, PTPN1 JH 22608-11-3 Demethoxycurcumin PTGS2, PTPN1, AKR1B1, ABCB1, SCN5A JH 520-26-3 Hesperidin PTGS2 CP 14259-47-3 isosakuranetin-7-O-rutinoside TOP2A CP 10236-47-2 Naringin TOP2A, CDKN1A, TNF, RASGRF2, RAF, PTGS2, ampC, MTTP, APOB, mvaA, PPARA CP, GC 21967-41-9 Baicalin PTPN1, TOP2A DH 88191-48-4 Catechin CHRM2 DH, CP 491-70-3 Luteolin PTGS2, DPP4, EGFR, IL10, CDK4, TNF, IL6, NFKBIA, psdA1, IL2, TOP2A, SLC2A4, INSR, MET CP, ZHP 551-15-5 Liquiritin PTGS2 GC 478-43-3 Rheic acid PTGS2, AKR1B1 DH 2086-83-1 Berberine PTGS2, RXRA HB 77-92-9 Citric acid PTGS2, AKR1B1, GRIN2A, GRIA2, PTPN1 DH 320-77-4 Isocitric acid PTGS2 DH 7200-25-1 DL-Arginine PTGS2 THF 446-72-0 Genistein PTGS2, EGFR, TNF, SELE, IL8 GC 482-45-1 Isoimperatorin PTGS2 BZ 486-66-8 Daidzein PTGS2, RXRA GC 6831-17-0 Aristolone CHRM2, PTGS2 BZ 532-65-0 (+) -ar-Turmerone PTGS2, RXRA, CHRM2, ampC, DPP4 JH 327-97-9 Chlorogenic acid PTGS2 HB 77-95-2 D-(-)-Quinic acid PTGS2 HB 1460-73-7 Agarospirol CHRM2 ZHP
Table 5 Docking parameters of chemical components and target protein molecules
Name Target LibDockScore Luteolin TOP2A 104.333 Methyl palmitate PTGS2 114.221 ar-Turmeric PTGS2 91.0625 CHRM2 88.3765 Methyl Linoleate RXRA 138.583 PTGS2 130.838 Palmitic acid PTGS2 114.349 Demethoxycurcumin PTGS2 135.479 Naringin TOP2A 141.197 PTGS2 164.305