Autologous bone marrow derived stem cell therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus - defining adequate administration methods

Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics

Parameter	Group I	Group II	Group III	Group IV	P value
Age	57.83 ± 5.84	49.85 ± 9.63	53.28 ± 7.29	55.7 ± 7.7	0.351
Sex	M-4, F-3	M-6, F-1	M-6, F-1	M-5, F-2	0.592
Duration of diabetes (in years)	19.5 ± 5.54	14.28 ± 6.77	14.28 ± 5.64	19.6 ± 6.4	0.213
Insulin requirement	43.66 ± 5.35	39.71 ± 3.81	45 ± 6.57	43.86 ± 4.50	0.893
Duration of insulin (in years)	3.75 ± 1.72	4.47 ± 4.1	6.66 ± 4.54	4.4 ± 2.7	0.742
Weight	79 ± 18.89	72.14 ± 8.41	75.78 ± 9.95	77.7 ± 13	0.75
BMI	28.83 ± 4.26	26.57 ± 2.63	26.85 ± 3.97	29.6 ± 1.9	0.349
Body fat	31.5 ± 8.57	29.57 ± 5.38	33.14 ± 7.26	35.1 ± 2.5	0.452
Waist circumference	98.5 ± 9.46	92.57 ± 6.10	98.42 ± 9.51	101.6 ± 4.1	0.152
FPG	106.66 ± 14.36	103.42 ± 16.89	89.71 ± 9.21	103.5 ± 6.0	0.112
HbA1c	6.8 ± 0.18	6.4 ± 0.16	6.7 ± 0.15	6.6 ± 0.24	0.75
FPI (uU/mL)	123 ± 92	57 ± 48	22 ± 5	14.1 ± 4.3	0.17
HOMA-IR%	11.72 ± 5.39	3.31 ± 1.11	5.92 ± 0.67	4.6 ± 1.5	0.446
HOMA-B%	146.26 ± 56.44	40.75 ± 12.02	129.57 ± 65.20	77.8 ± 22.4	0.451
Fasting C-pep (ng/mL)	2.97 ± 1.51	1.28 ± 0.14	1.41 ± 0.25	1.1 ± 0.2	0.221
Stimulated C-peptide (ng/mL)	4.26 ± 1.59	2.63 ± 0.23	2.37 ± 0.36	2.1 ± 0.3	0.192
Number of BMMNCs infused	4.9 ± 3.10 × 108	12.04 ± 4.84 × 108	6.88 ± 2.30 × 108	NA	NA

BMI: Body mass index; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index; BMMNCs: Bone marrow mononucleated cells; HOMA-B: Homeostasis model assessment beta cell function.