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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2017; 8(7): 365-373
Published online Jul 15, 2017. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i7.365
Published online Jul 15, 2017. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i7.365
Table 1 Characteristics of study population at baseline
| Normal (n = 599)1 | Pre-diabetes (n = 307)1 | Diabetes (n = 45)1 | P value | |
| Whole population | ||||
| Age (yr) | 42.06 ± 6.17 | 42.72 ± 6.20 | 43.20 ± 6.19 | 0.197 |
| Energy intake (kcal/d) | 1844.32 ± 553.85 | 1793.43 ± 571.48 | 1908.95 ± 598.94 | 0.646 |
| Weight (kg) | 72.09 ± 12.10 | 73.51 ± 12.49 | 78.22 ± 11.96 | 0.943 |
| Height (cm) | 160.21 ± 8.31 | 160.09 ± 8.62 | 159.81 ± 8.58 | 0.197 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.09 ± 4.17 | 28.66 ± 4.18 | 30.63 ± 4.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 87.00 ± 9.58 | 88.72 ± 9.75 | 92.86 ± 9.08 | < 0.0001 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 106.21 ± 8.54 | 107.35 ± 8.77 | 110.35 ± 9.27 | 0.003 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.82 ± 0.07 | 0.83 ± 0.07 | 0.84 ± 0.05 | 0.078 |
| Fasting blood sugar | 87.04 ± 7.99 | 89.30 ± 7.03 | 91.0 ± 6.14 | < 0.0001 |
| Blood sugar after 30 min (mg/dL) | 127.41 ± 25.19 | 136.43 ± 26.48 | 141.49 ± 25.48 | < 0.0001 |
| Blood sugar after 60 min (mg/dL) | 123.02 ± 32.06 | 136.19 ± 31.17 | 151.81 ± 36.61 | < 0.0001 |
| Blood sugar after 120 min (mg/dL) | 98.11 ± 21.15 | 104.81 ± 21.08 | 110.94 ± 18.80 | < 0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.94 ± 0.78 | 5.08 ± 0.75 | 5.17 ± 0.78 | 0.014 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 150.15 ± 77.29 | 156.50 ± 83.83 | 200.82 ± 130.48 | < 0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 190.30 ± 38.16 | 192.47 ± 35.97 | 205.51 ± 50.56 | 0.034 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 116.34 ± 33.45 | 117.04 ± 32.26 | 123.52 ± 52.88 | 0.436 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 45.04 ± 11.75 | 44.78 ± 10.31 | 45.12 ± 11.55 | 0.944 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.23 ± 10.49 | 110.73 ± 10.66 | 110.76 ± 10.64 | < 0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.37 ± 10.11 | 70.64 ± 10.20 | 70.65 ± 10.26 | 0.002 |
| Abdominal obese (WC > 90 cm) (%) | 32.9 | 41.8 | 57.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Men | ||||
| Age (yr) | 43.04 ± 6.73 | 42.48 ± 6.20 | 43.85 ± 7.16 | 0.71 |
| Energy intake (kcal/d) | 2384.54 ± 558.37 | 2176.44 ± 648.34 | 2536.88 ± 651.42 | 0.343 |
| Weight (kg) | 77.98 ± 12.95 | 79.43 ± 13.44 | 81.38 ± 6.13 | 0.53 |
| Height (cm) | 170.78 ± 6.47 | 170.56 ± 6.30 | 169.55 ± 5.22 | 0.802 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.66 ± 3.53 | 27.22 ± 3.82 | 28.32 ± 1.82 | 0.201 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 92.63 ± 9.43 | 93.14 ± 9.86 | 97.65 ± 7.64 | 0.19 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 102.76 ± 6.68 | 103.91 ± 7.76 | 108.15 ± 7.19 | 0.025 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.90 ± 0.06 | 0.89 ± 0.05 | 0.90 ± 0.03 | 0.754 |
| Fasting blood sugar | 87.55 ± 8.25 | 90.34 ± 6.91 | 92.54 ± 4.11 | 0.005 |
| Blood sugar after 30 min (mg/dL) | 133.20 ± 28.96 | 140.95 ± 28.86 | 144.42 ± 31.05 | 0.091 |
| Blood sugar after 60 min (mg/dL) | 128.50 ± 35.76 | 136.26 ± 35.35 | 147.69 ± 44.80 | 0.081 |
| Blood sugar after 120 min (mg/dL) | 91.18 ± 24.14 | 92.40 ± 21.22 | 110.08 ± 20.20 | 0.019 |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.94 ± 0.66 | 5.09 ± 0.89 | 5.15 ± 1.01 | 0.293 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 178.85 ± 97.60 | 177.54 ± 92.37 | 219.23 ± 101.25 | 0.328 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 189.49 ± 383.49 | 189.45 ± 31.95 | 204.31 ± 51.08 | 0.312 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 114.74 ± 30.58 | 113.56 ± 31.07 | 118.60 ± 43.79 | 0.87 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 40.92 ± 12.01 | 41.49 ± 9.21 | 45.92 ± 12.16 | 0.301 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.46 ± 10.51 | 110.87 ± 10.75 | 120.69 ± 10.48 | 0.011 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.48 ± 10.13 | 70.83 ± 10.30 | 80.08 ± 10.08 | 0.04 |
| Abdominal obese (WC > 90 cm) (%) | 59.1 | 63.5 | 92.3 | 0.058 |
| Women | ||||
| Age (yr) | 41.70 ± 5.92 | 42.81 ± 6.21 | 42.94 ± 5.86 | 0.059 |
| Energy intake (kcal/d) | 1738.47 ± 488.91 | 1674.05 ± 491.68 | 1715.73 ± 447.60 | 0.643 |
| Weight (kg) | 70.05 ± 11.11 | 71.17 ± 11.30 | 77.06 ± 13.36 | 0.002 |
| Height (cm) | 156.52 ± 5.12 | 156.96 ± 5.25 | 156.27 ± 6.59 | 0.43 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.58 ± 4.26 | 29.23 ± 4.19 | 31.47 ± 4.45 | < 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.10 ± 8.88 | 87.00 ± 9.16 | 91.03 ± 9.02 | < 0.0001 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 107.37 ± 8.79 | 108.68 ± 8.79 | 111.21 ± 9.94 | 0.02 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.79 ± 0.05 | 0.80 ± 0.05 | 0.82 ± 0.03 | 0.018 |
| Fasting blood sugar | 86.87 ± 7.91 | 88.89 ± 7.05 | 90.41 ± 6.71 | 0.001 |
| Blood sugar after 30 min (mg/dL) | 125.21 ± 23.32 | 134.55 ± 25.26 | 140.42 ± 23.59 | < 0.0001 |
| Blood sugar after 60 min (mg/dL) | 120.96 ± 30.41 | 136.16 ± 29.46 | 153.38 ± 33.60 | < 0.0001 |
| Blood sugar after 120 min (mg/dL) | 100.58 ± 19.45 | 109.63 ± 18.99 | 111.26 ± 18.55 | < 0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.94 ± 0.82 | 5.08 ± 0.68 | 5.18 ± 0.69 | 0.05 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 140.11 ± 66.06 | 148.32 ± 79.00 | 193.34 ± 141.41 | < 0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 190.74 ± 39.60 | 193.63 ± 37.41 | 206.00 ± 51.16 | 0.092 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 117.04 ± 34.27 | 118.31 ± 32.67 | 125.64 ± 56.94 | 0.44 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 46.48 ± 11.34 | 45.99 ± 10.45 | 44.77 ± 11.48 | 0.658 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.15 ± 10.48 | 110.67 ± 10.63 | 110.40 ± 10.58 | < 0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.33 ± 10.10 | 70.56 ± 10.15 | 70.48 ± 10.31 | 0.044 |
| Abdominal obese (WC > 90 cm) (%) | 24.1 | 33.3 | 44.1 | 0.004 |
- Citation: Haghighatdoost F, Amini M, Feizi A, Iraj B. Are body mass index and waist circumference significant predictors of diabetes and prediabetes risk: Results from a population based cohort study. World J Diabetes 2017; 8(7): 365-373
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v8/i7/365.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v8.i7.365