Association of NFKB1 gene polymorphism (rs28362491) with levels of inflammatory biomarkers and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in Asian Indians

Table 1 The baseline demographic and biochemical parameters in various study groups

Variables	NG (n = 100)	DM (n = 100)	DM-CRD (n = 100)
Age (yr)	46.0 ± 4.0	56.40 ± 3.5	55.7 ± 4.2
Sex ratio (male/female)	52/48	54/46	52/48
Duration of DM (yr)	-	12.7 ± 1.5	8.1 ± 2.3d
BMI (kg/m2)	20.1 ± 1.7	21.1 ± 2.1	21.6 ± 3.4
SBP (mmHg)	118.1 ± 0.5	138.0 ± 2.1b	137.7 ± 2.8b
DBP (mmHg)	75.2 ± 1.0	81.6 ± 1.9b	82.8 ± 0.0b
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	82.4 ± 3.1	153.5 ± 3.5b	184.3 ± 9.2bd
Postprandial glucose (mg/dL)	118.2 ± 2.4	201.7 ± 10.1b	261.1 ± 12.2bd
HbA1c (%)	5.11 ± 0.46	7.10 ± 0.25b	9.16 ± 0.16bd
Urea (mg/dL)	31.5 ± 5.5	30.7 ± 5.8	93.2 ± 4.8bd
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.83 ± 0.23	0.90 ± 0.20	3.7 ± 1.5bd
Uric acid (mg/dL)	4.2 ± 0.8	4.9 ± 0.6	9.1 ± 0.8bd
eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2)	99.1 ± 0.7	96.4 ± 0.6	51.2 ± 0.9d
Urinary albumin/creatinine	-	-	0.42 ± 0.35

^bSignificantly different from Normoglycemic at P < 0.001;

^dSignificantly different from diabetic patients without nephropathy at P < 0.001. Data are expressed as mean + SD. NG: Normoglycemic; DM: Diabetes mellitus without nephropathy; DM-CRD: Diabetic nephropathy; BMI: Body mass index; SBP and DBP: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate.