Nutrition, insulin resistance and dysfunctional adipose tissue determine the different components of metabolic syndrome

Table 1 Composition and body fat distribution after three dietary interventions in insulin-resistant subjects

	Baseline	High-SAT	High-MUFA	High-CHO	P
EE, (kJ/min)	5.36 ± 0.40	5.49 ± 3.90	5.23 ± 0.37	5.02 ± 0.36	0.3
Anthropometry
Weight, kg	84.4 ± 5.7	83.2 ± 5.7	83.6 ± 5.8	81.8 ± 6.03	0.3
Total body fat, kg	36.8 ± 4.1	35.0 ± 4.0	35.6 ± 4.0	34.9 ± 4.3	0.1
Lean body mass, kg	47.5 ± 2.5	48.1 ± 2.5	48.9 ± 2.6	46.8 ± 2.1	0.2
Waist to hip ratio	0.99 ± 0.01	0.99 ± 0.01	0.98 ± 0.01	0.98 ± 0.01	0.9
DEXA analysis
Total body trunk, g	-	37101 ± 2026	38154 ± 1911	39134 ± 2104	0.3
Fatty body trunk, g	-	14313 ± 1362	14842 ± 1437	16459 ± 1653	< 0.05
Total body limb, g	-	36420 ± 3886	36239 ± 3862	32887 ± 3825	0.7
Fat in arm, g	-	7097 ± 1528	7652 ± 1339	7225 ± 1830	0.4
Fat in leg, g	-	8517 ± 1588	8036 ± 1398	7358 ± 1253	< 0.05
Fat trunk:fat leg ratio	-	1.9 ± 0.3	2.1 ± 0.2	2.50 ± 0.2	< 0.05

Data are mean ± SE. P value is analysis of variance for repeated variables. Copyright 2007 American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1717-1723. Reprinted with permission from the American Diabetes Association. EE: Energy expenditure; SAT: Saturated fat; MUFA: Monounsaturated fat; CHO: Carbohydrates rich diets; DEXA: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.