Impact of diabetes mellitus on risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: Evidence on health outcomes and antidiabetic treatment in United States adults

Table 2 Mortality (per 1000 person year) from all-cause, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease by December 31, 2011 for baseline participants with or without diabetes, United States National Health Interview Surveys 2000-2009

		Male					Female
		Non-DM		DM			Non-DM		DM
		Event	Rate	Event	Rate	P value	Event	Rate	Event	Rate	P value
All-cause
No. of death		8363		2278			9485		2450
Age	18-54.9	1765	2.9	317	14.1	< 0.0001	1384	1.9	249	8.6	< 0.0001
	55-64.9	1271	12.5	473	27.8	< 0.0001	989	7.6	403	21.6	< 0.0001
	65-74.9	1874	30.7	677	46.0	< 0.0001	1681	18.3	693	37.6	< 0.0001
	≥ 75	3453	86.5	811	103.1	< 0.0001	5431	63.2	1105	79.3	< 0.0001
Heart disease
No. of death		1707		543			1603		506
Age	18-54.9	288	0.5	62	2.8	< 0.0001	115	0.2	41	1.4	< 0.0001
	55-64.9	244	2.4	116	6.8	< 0.0001	108	0.8	72	3.9	< 0.0001
	65-74.9	350	5.7	164	11.1	< 0.0001	241	2.6	132	7.2	< 0.0001
	≥ 75	825	20.7	201	25.6	0.032	1139	13.2	261	18.7	< 0.0001
CBVD
No. of death		376		112			621		134
Age	18-54.9	50	0.1	4	0.2	0.063	58	0.1	8	0.3	0.002
	55-64.9	38	0.4	19	1.1	< 0.001	33	0.3	19	1.0	< 0.0001
	65-74.9	67	1.1	35	2.4	< 0.001	96	1.0	34	1.8	0.003
	≥ 75	221	5.5	54	6.9	0.694	434	5.0	73	5.2	0.371
CVD
No. of death		2083		655			2224		640
Age	18-54.9	338	0.6	66	2.9	< 0.0001	173	0.2	49	1.7	< 0.0001
	55-64.9	282	2.8	135	7.9	< 0.0001	141	1.1	91	4.9	< 0.0001
	65-74.9	417	6.8	199	13.5	< 0.0001	337	3.7	166	9.0	< 0.0001
	≥ 75	1046	26.2	255	32.4	0.038	1573	18.3	334	24.0	< 0.0001

P values were given by χ² test. Mortality rates (per 1000) were estimated using Poisson regression. CBVD: Cerebrovascular disease; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; DM: Diabetes mellitus.