Taste sensitivity, nutritional status and metabolic syndrome: Implication in weight loss dietary interventions

Table 5 Features of overweight and obese patients according to the outcome

	Drop-out	Continuing the program
		Overall	WL < 5%	WL≥5%
	(n = 29)	(n = 64)	(n = 27)	(n = 37)
Sex (M:F)	8:21	19:45	6:21	13:24
Age (yr)	45.3 ± 11.4	46.7 ± 11.7	48.1 ± 12.1	45.7 ± 11.4
Current smoking (n)	15 (51.7)	40 (62.4)	14 (51.6)	26 (70.2)
Menopause (n)	9 (42.9)	22 (48.9)	11 (52.4)	11 (45.8)
BMI (kg/m2)	31.0 ± 4.3	32.1 ± 5.0	32.8 ± 4.8	31.6 ± 5.2
Body fat mass (%)	46.6 ± 4.9	46.9 ± 5.3	47.8 ± 5.3	46.3 ± 5.4
Waist (cm)	99.3 ± 13.2	99.9 ± 17.5	112.7 ± 12.3	99.7 ± 20.5
Metabolic syndrome (n)	10 (34.5)	23 (35.9)	10 (37.0)	13 (35.1)
Weight loss (%)	-	-5.6 ± 3.5	-2.5 ± 1.7	-7.8 ± 2.5
Taste thresholds
Sweet (log g/L)	0.87 ± 0.35	0.80 ± 0.48	0.79 ± 0.52	0.81 ± 0.46
Salty (log g/L)	0.27 ± 0.49	0.25 ± 0.57	0.23 ± 0.53	0.26 ± 0.61
Sour (log g/L)	-0.25 ± 0.48	-0.15 ± 0.62	-0.24 ± 0.52	-0.08 ± 0.68
Bitter (log g/L)	-0.27 ± 0.31	-0.21 ± 0.29	-0.26 ± 0.28	-0.16 ± 0.29
GTAS	7.6 ± 2.0	7.6 ± 1.9	7.8 ± 1.7	7.4 ± 2.1

Data are reported as mean ± SD or counts (%). No significant differences were detected in ANOVA comparison among drop out, WL < 5% and WL > 5%. GTAS: Global Taste Acuity Score; BMI: Body mass index; M:F: Male:Female; WL: Weight loss.