Knockout mouse models of insulin signaling: Relevance past and future

Figure 1 Insulin actions in main insulin-sensitive tissues. Insulin has different actions in each of the main insulin-sensitive tissues. In muscle, insulin promotes glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis. In liver, insulin promotes glycogen synthesis and lipogenesis and reduces gluconeogenesis and the release of stored glucose. In adipose tissue, insulin increases glucose uptake and lipogenesis and decreases lipolysis. In the brain, insulin Inhibits hepatic glycogenolysis and lipolysis and decreases appetite.