Charcot osteoarthropathy in diabetes: A brief review with an emphasis on clinical practice

Table 2 The course of charcot osteoarthropathy according to the clinical presentation of the foot: modified Eichenholtz classifica

The course of Charcot osteoarthropathy: Eichenholtz stages
Stage	Clinical presentation
0: Patients at risk for COA	Diabetic neuropathy and an acute sprain or fracture
I: Development-Fragmentation	Erythema, edema and increased warmth, usually absence of pain
II: Coalescence	Diminution of erythema, edema and warmth; Decreased joint mobility
III: Reconstruction-Consolidation	Erythema, edema and warmth are no longer present; Ulcers at sites of residual deformity

COA: charcot osteoarthropathy.