Effect of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy via the vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3/glial fibrillary acidic protein pathway

Figure 9 mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin 6, cluster of differentiation 18, intercellular adhesion molecule, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in the retinal tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats. A: Ratio of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in the retinal tissue of each group of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats; B: Ratio of interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA expression in the retinal tissue of each group of SD rats; C: Ratio of cluster of differentiation 18 (CD18) mRNA expression in the retinal tissue of each group of SD rats; D: Ratio of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) mRNA expression in the retinal tissue of each group of rats; E: Ratio of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) mRNA expression in the retinal tissue of each group of rats; F: Ratio of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mRNA expression in the retinal tissue of each group of rats. All results are expressed as the mean ± SD. ^aP < 0.05. ^bP < 0.01. ¹P vs A group. ²P vs B group. ³P vs C group. ⁴P vs D group. ⁵P vs F group.