Comparisons of various insulin resistance indices for new-onset metabolic syndrome before midlife: The CHIEF cohort study, 2014-2020

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with new-onset metabolic syndrome and those without

	Without new-onset MetS (n = 2217)	With new-onset MetS (n = 673)	P value
Metabolic index
METS-IR	1.94 ± 0.16	2.13 ± 0.17	< 0.001
TyG index	8.17 ± 0.44	8.58 ± 0.51	< 0.001
ALT/AST	0.93 ± 0.36	1.11 ± 0.42	< 0.001
TC/HDL-C	3.38 ± 0.82	4.12 ± 0.96	< 0.001
TG/HDL-C	1.79 ± 1.15	3.01 ± 2.10	< 0.001
ZJU index	122.64 ± 10.33	131.84 ± 13.57	< 0.001
Age (years)	27.80 ± 5.82	30.29 ± 5.26	< 0.001
Male (%)	1934 (87.2)	647 (96.1)	< 0.001
Alcohol drinking (%)	823 (37.1)	338 (50.2)	< 0.001
Tobacco smoking (%)	711 (32.4)	280 (42.2)	< 0.001
Physical activity, min/week (%)
< 150	497 (22.4)	130 (19.3)	0.15
150-299	848 (38.2)	256 (38.0)
≥ 300	872 (39.9)	287 (42.6)
Systolic BP (mmHg)	114.52 ± 12.77	120.39 ± 12.28	< 0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	68.41 ± 9.49	72.22 ± 9.58	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	23.62 ± 2.83	26.40 ± 2.52	< 0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	79.73 ± 7.69	87.08 ± 6.53	< 0.001
Blood tests
TC (mg/dL)	168.87 ± 30.71	182.25 ± 36.18	< 0.001
LDL-C (mg/dL)	100.57 ± 27.64	114.54 ± 30.58	< 0.001
HDL-C (mg/dL)	51.35 ± 10.01	45.25 ± 8.46	< 0.001
TG (mg/dL)	86.89 ± 45.31	130.00 ± 81.42	< 0.001
FPG (mg/dL)	91.98 ± 8.86	94.67 ± 11.77	< 0.001
ALT (U/L)	18.49 ± 12.63	27.63 ± 22.13	< 0.001
AST (U/L)	18.91 ± 6.94	22.55 ± 10.74	< 0.001

METS-IR: Metabolic score for insulin resistance; TyG: Triglyceride glucose; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; TC: Total cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; ZJU: Zhejiang University; BP: Blood pressure; BMI: Body mass index; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose.