Neurophysiological mechanisms of electroacupuncture in regulating pancreatic function and adipose tissue expansion

Figure 4 TRPV1-mediated enhancement of metabolic function by electroacupuncture. A: Representative immunofluorescence images of pancreatic tissue across experimental groups. The nuclei are visualized in blue by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), with green immunofluorescence indicating the presence of TRPV1. Islets were examined at 630 × magnification. A uniform scale bar of 25 μm applies to all groups; B: Representative immunofluorescenc images of the dorsal root ganglion across groups. Nuclei are stained blue by DAPI, with green immunofluorescence representing TRPV1 and red immunofluorescence representing insulin; C: Percentage of pancreatic TRPV1+ nerve fibers in each group; D: Illustrative immunofluorescence images showing co-expression of TRPV1 and INS in all groups. ^aP < 0.05 compared to the normal control group; ^bP < 0.05 compared to the model group. TRPV1: Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1; INS: Insulin; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.