Risk factors and a predictive model of diabetic foot in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes

Table 3 The predictive model of new-onset diabetic foot over the whole follow-up period in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes using a down-sampling approach

Variable	Sampled population, n = 5301		Sampled population, n = 4301		Sampled population, n = 3301		Sampled population, n = 2301
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Diabetes duration
< 10 years	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-
10-19 years	1.87 (1.03-3.39)	0.041	1.80 (0.95-3.41)	0.072	2.68 (1.20-6.00)	0.016	3.45 (1.22-9.75)	0.019
≥ 20 years	2.42 (1.25-4.69)	0.008	1.93 (0.92-4.06)	0.082	2.31 (0.89-5.99)	0.085	2.65 (0.79-8.88)	0.113
Albumin	0.92 (0.88-0.96)	< 0.001	0.93 (0.89-0.97)	0.001	0.92 (0.87-0.96)	0.001	0.91 (0.86-0.97)	0.006
FPG
4.4-6.9 mmol/L	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-
< 4.4 mmol/L	3.92 (1.43-10.74)	0.008	4.31 (1.45-12.80)	0.008	6.94 (1.84-26.17)	0.004	7.65 (1.87-31.29)	0.005
≥ 7.0 mmol/L	2.70 (1.40-5.24)	0.003	2.40 (1.19-4.86)	0.014	3.68 (1.41-9.56)	0.008	3.41 (1.13-10.22)	0.029
Diabetic nephropathy	2.47 (1.32-4.64)	0.005	2.96 (1.49-5.89)	0.002	3.30 (1.51-7.22)	0.003	3.48 (1.36-8.94)	0.009
Lower extremity arterial disease	5.15 (2.66-9.96)	< 0.001	3.84 (1.74-8.46)	0.001	3.28 (1.23-8.79)	0.018	4.34 (1.52-12.40)	0.006

The predictive Cox model adjusted diabetes duration, diabetic nephropathy, and lower extremity arterial disease as covariates. CI: Confidence interval; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; HR: Hazard ratio.