Triglyceride-glucose related indices as predictors for major adverse cardiovascular events and overall mortality in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients

Table 4 Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and total mortality based on triglyceride glucose-waist circumference

Outcome	Events/n	Non-adjusted		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
		HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
MACEs
TyG-WC (per 100 units)		1.102 (1.070, 1.134)	< 0.0001	1.100 (1.067, 1.135)	< 0.0001	1.080 (1.044, 1.117)	< 0.0001	1.070 (1.034, 1.108)	0.0001
Q1	366/2524	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
Q2	426/2523	1.176 (1.023, 1.353)	0.0226	1.13 (0.98, 1.31)	0.0838	1.10 (0.96, 1.27)	0.1712	1.09 (0.94, 1.25)	0.2551
Q3	484/2523	1.354 (1.182, 1.551)	< 0.0001	1.300 (1.131, 1.496)	0.0002	1.245 (1.080, 1.436)	0.0026	1.225 (1.061, 1.413)	0.0056
Q4	515/2524	1.481 (1.295, 1.693)	< 0.0001	1.471 (1.276, 1.695)	< 0.0001	1.370 (1.179, 1.592)	< 0.0001	1.314 (1.129, 1.529)	0.0004
Per 1 SD		1.168 (1.115, 1.223)	< 0.0001	1.165 (1.109, 1.225)	< 0.0001	1.131 (1.071, 1.194)	< 0.0001	1.115 (1.056, 1.178)	0.0001
P for trend			< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001
Total mortality
TyG-WC (per 100 units)		1.105 (1.075, 1.136)	< 0.0001	1.136 (1.102, 1.171)	< 0.0001	1.109 (1.073, 1.146)	< 0.0001	1.101 (1.065, 1.138)	< 0.0001
Q1	406/2524	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
Q2	447/2523	1.11 (0.97, 1.27)	0.1183	1.11 (0.97, 1.27)	0.1448	1.08 (0.94, 1.24)	0.2769	1.06 (0.93, 1.22)	0.3817
Q3	484/2523	1.219 (1.068, 1.391)	0.0033	1.241 (1.084, 1.422)	0.0018	1.183 (1.030, 1.359)	0.0171	1.170 (1.018, 1.344)	0.0272
Q4	577/2524	1.520 (1.339, 1.726)	< 0.0001	1.689 (1.475, 1.933)	< 0.0001	1.535 (1.330, 1.770)	< 0.0001	1.480 (1.282, 1.710)	< 0.0001
Per 1 SD		1.173 (1.122, 1.226)	< 0.0001	1.227 (1.169, 1.288)	< 0.0001	1.180 (1.120, 1.244)	< 0.0001	1.166 (1.106, 1.230)	< 0.0001
P for trend			< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001

Data are expressed as hazard ratio and 95%CIs (reported in parentheses) as assessed by multivariable Cox regression analysis. Model 1 Adjusted for sex, race, age, education, history of cardiovascular disease, previous hypertension and previous hyperlipidemia systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure. Model 2 adjusted for model 1 covariables plus duration of diabetes, proteinuria, heart failure, depression, smoking, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Model 3 Adjusted for model 2 covariables plus the medications use, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, insulins, aspirin, statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors. TyG: Triglyceride glucose; WC: Waist circumference; MACEs: Major adverse cardiovascular events; HR: Hazard ratio.