Triglyceride-glucose related indices as predictors for major adverse cardiovascular events and overall mortality in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients

Table 3 Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and total mortality based on triglyceride glucose-waist height ratio

Outcome	Events/n	Non-adjusted		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
		HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
MACEs
TyG-WHtR		1.147 (1.091, 1.206)	< 0.0001	1.184 (1.123, 1.249)	< 0.0001	1.146 (1.081, 1.214)	< 0.0001	1.128 (1.064, 1.196)	< 0.0001
Q1	367/2524	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
Q2	458/2523	1.273 (1.110, 1.461)	0.0006	1.216 (1.059, 1.397)	0.0056	1.196 (1.040, 1.376)	0.0121	1.179 (1.025, 1.357)	0.0211
Q3	467/2523	1.303 (1.137, 1.494)	0.0001	1.336 (1.162, 1.536)	< 0.0001	1.291 (1.120, 1.488)	0.0004	1.266 (1.097, 1.460)	0.0012
Q4	499/2524	1.442 (1.260, 1.650)	< 0.0001	1.526 (1.326, 1.757)	< 0.0001	1.408 (1.212, 1.635)	< 0.0001	1.353 (1.164, 1.574)	< 0.0001
Per 1 SD		1.135 (1.084, 1.188)	< 0.0001	1.169 (1.113, 1.227)	< 0.0001	1.134 (1.075, 1.196)	< 0.0001	1.117 (1.059, 1.180)	< 0.0001
P for trend			< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001
Total mortality
TyG-WHtR		1.141 (1.088, 1.198)	< 0.0001	1.230 (1.168, 1.295)	< 0.0001	1.177 (1.113, 1.246)	< 0.0001	1.163 (1.099, 1.231)	< 0.0001
Q1	420/2524	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
Q2	457/2523	1.09 (0.96, 1.25)	0.1802	1.07 (0.94, 1.23)	0.2912	1.06 (0.92, 1.21)	0.4310	1.04 (0.91, 1.19)	0.5849
Q3	484/2523	1.175 (1.031, 1.339)	0.0156	1.266 (1.108, 1.446)	0.0005	1.214 (1.060, 1.391)	0.0052	1.187 (1.035, 1.361)	0.0140
Q4	553/2524	1.399 (1.232, 1.588)	< 0.0001	1.625 (1.423, 1.855)	< 0.0001	1.474 (1.279, 1.698)	< 0.0001	1.420 (1.231, 1.638)	< 0.0001
Per 1 SD		1.130 (1.080, 1.181)	< 0.0001	1.210 (1.154, 1.269)	< 0.0001	1.162 (1.104, 1.224)	< 0.0001	1.149 (1.091, 1.211)	< 0.0001
P for trend			< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001		< 0.0001

Data are expressed as hazard ratio and 95%CI (reported in parentheses) as assessed by multivariable Cox regression analysis. Model 1 adjusted for sex, race, age, education, history of cardiovascular disease, previous hypertension and previous hyperlipidemia systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure. Model 2 adjusted for model 1 covariables plus duration of diabetes, proteinuria, heart failure, depression, smoking, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Model 3 adjusted for model 2 covariables plus the medications use, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, insulins, aspirin, statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors. TyG: Triglyceride glucose; WHtR: Waist height ratio; MACEs: Major Adverse cardiovascular events; HR: Hazard ratio.