Distinguishing exocrine pancreas disease-associated diabetes from type 2 diabetes based on anthropometric and metabolic parameters

Table 5 Laboratory and metabolic parameters of patients with pancreatogenic diabetes

Parameter	Pancreatic cancer, n = 26		Chronic pancreatitis, n = 18		P value
	mean ± SD	Median (IQR)	mean ± SD	Median (IQR)
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)	6.61 ± 2.23	5.97 (5.38-7.17)	8.11 ± 3.48	6.83 (5.31-9.39)	0.104
C-peptide (nmol/L)	0.86 ± 0.42	0.79 (0.56-1.12)	0.75 ± 0.41	0.76 (0.36-0.92)	0.407
Insulin (pmol/L)	60.49 ± 6.73	46.74 (35.98-69.03)	100.29 ± 77.09	61.74 (45.77-152.72)	0.061
HOMA-IR	2.79 ± 2.39	2.36 (1.27-3.12)	5.00 ± 3.92	3.24 (2.27-7.10)	0.026a,b
Adrenomedullin (ng/mL)	0.33 ± 0.18	0.27 (0.20-0.47)	0.54 ± 0.28	0.45 (0.35-0.65)	0.004c
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	14.27 ± 8.06	11.89 (8.46-20.50)	11.14 ± 5.17	10.50 (6.98-13.34)	0.294
Type 3c diabetes index	1.76 ± 0.59	1.77 (1.41-2.13)	2.18 ± 0.61	2.01 (1.77-2.75)	0.028a,b
Creatinine (µmol/L)	60.11 ± 14.14	55.69 (52.16-64.53)	68.95 ± 63.65	57.46 (44.20-62.76)	0.390
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	94.18 ± 13.94	98.15 (91.85-101.38)	109.71 ± 27.27	111.30 (100.50-128.00)	< 0.001b,d

^aP < 0.05.

^bStatistical power < 0.800.

^cP < 0.01.

^dP < 0.001.

IQR: Interquartile range; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; eGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor.