Molecular mechanisms of Buqing granule for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy: Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation

Figure 9 A molecular biological perspective on the role of Buqing granule in the diabetic retinopathy treatment. A: Caspase-3, AKT1, c-Jun, TP53, MAPK1, and MAPK3 mRNA expression levels determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR; B: Protein expression levels determined by western blotting. The sequence from left to right represents the control group, the model group, the Buqing granule group and the calcium dobesilate group. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. BQKL: Buqing granule; CaD: Calcium dobesilate.