Copyright
©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Diabetes. Sep 15, 2024; 15(9): 1874-1888
Published online Sep 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i9.1874
Published online Sep 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i9.1874
Medication | Effects on microbiome | Observed outcomes |
Metformin[45] | Enhances SCFA production, normalizes Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio | Increased GLP-1 levels, improved insulin secretion |
Sulfonylureas[46,47] | Conflicting data on impact | Variable influence on microbiome, potential increase in phenylalanine and tryptophan levels |
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors[48] | Increases nutrient availability for beneficial bacteria | Growth of beneficial microbes like Bacteroides, improvement in T2DM prognostic factors |
GLP-1 agonists[49,50] | Changes in gastric emptying rates influence microbiota | Reduction in obesity-promoting organisms, increase in beneficial microbes like Bifidobacterium |
SGLT-2 inhibitors[51] | Alters microbial ratios favorably | Reduction in Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio, enhanced fatty acid production |
- Citation: Jeyaraman M, Mariappan T, Jeyaraman N, Muthu S, Ramasubramanian S, Santos GS, da Fonseca LF, Lana JF. Gut microbiome: A revolution in type II diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2024; 15(9): 1874-1888
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v15/i9/1874.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v15.i9.1874