Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2024; 15(7): 1603-1614
Published online Jul 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1603
Table 1 basic characteristics of included randomized control trial studies
No.
Year
Study design
Setting
Department
Sample size
Intervention
Dose
Duration
Effect
Ref.
12021Double-blind placeboSt. Michael’s Hospital, University of TorontoOut patient’s department24 T2DM patientsAmerican ginseng1 g/meal (3 g/d)8 wkDecrease blood glucose, HbA1c, and systolic blood pressure and increase nitric oxide[26]
22020Randomized, placebo-controlled, two-center trialTwo university-affiliated centres (St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto, Canada, and KB Merkur Hospital, Zagreb, and Croatia)80 participants with diagnosed T2D and hypertensionAmerican ginseng extract and Rg3- enriched Korean ginseng extract [f 1.50 g/d AG and 0.75 g/d Rg3-KRG standardized extracts (extracted to contain 75 mg of ginsenoside Rg3 and 375 mg total ginsenosides)]2.25 g 3 times daily12 wkReduce end-systolic pressure (-6.60 mmHg ± 2.50 mmHg[27]
32018Double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trialDiabetes PRAXIS Rathausallee, Duisburg, GermanySpecialized medical office for diabetology42 hypertensive patients with T2DFlavanol-rich cocoa2.5 g/d12 wkReduce HOMA-IR and blood cholesterol level[28]
42018Randomized, placebo-controlled trialIranian Diabetes Society and Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical SciencesOut patients department62 T2DM patients with at least one year of diabetic historyM. officinalis capsules700 mg/d12 wkReduce FBS, HbA1c, Insulin (min/mL), HOMA-b cell (%), hs-CRP (mg/L)[29]
52019Randomized, single-blind controlled trialShiraz Heart Center Outpatient Clinic affiliated with the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranOut patients department75 metabolic syndrome patientsSesame oil enriched with vit E group30 mL/d sesame oil + 400 mg vit E powder2 wkReductions in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, FBG, HOMA-IR, MDA, hs-CRP, HDL-C systolic and diastolic BP[30]
62019Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trialCardiology clinic affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS), Kashan, IranOut patients department90 T2D patientsFlaxseed oil and fish oil1000 mg of flaxseed oil, as the source of omega-3 fatty acids, containing 400 mg of ALA (n = 30) or 1000 mg of fish oil containing 250 mg of EPA and 150 mg of DHA12 wkReduce high-sensitivity CRP significant increase in total nitrite al antioxidant capacity[31]
72020Randomized double-blind clinical trialDiabetes Control Center of Sabzevar IranOut patients department 50 participants with diagnosed T2DN. Sativa oil1000 mg N. Sativa oil as two capsules, each containing 500 mg N. Sativa oil, daily8 wkDecrease FBS, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum hs-CRP, mdaand increase in serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol[32]
82020Random assignment, parallel-group, single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled design Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, HyderabadOut patients department74 T2DM patientsT. chebulaT. chebula 250 mg, T. chebula 500 mgTwice daily for 12 wkImproves endothelial function (reflection index), GSH, MDA, hs-CRP, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, HbA1c[33]
92020Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention studyDiabetic and general medical clinics of the Prince of Wales Hospital, the teaching hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong KongOut patients department20 T2D patientsBilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.)1.4 g/d of extract) daily4 wkImproves glycaemic control by HbA1c and Random blood sugar[34]