X-Paste improves wound healing in diabetes via NF-E2-related factor/HO-1 signaling pathway

Figure 6 Effects on the wound healing in diabetic mice by the X-Paste through the NF-E2-related factor-2/HO-1 signaling pathway. X-Paste (XP) obviously promotes the healing of skin wounds in diabetic mice, resulting in an accelerated healing process and shortened healing time. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze the 21 main components of XP, among which Andro exhibited a strong binding ability with NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). At the cellular level, the addition of Andro alleviated high glucose (HG)-induced proliferation, migration, vascular injury, and inflammatory product inhibition in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mechanically, Andro relieved HG-induced damage to HUVECs by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography; Nrf2: NF-E2-related factor-2; Andro: Andrographolide; HUVECs: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells.