Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2024; 15(6): 1272-1279
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1272
Table 3 Layer-specific global longitudinal strain and peak strain dispersion among healthy subjects, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and type 2 diabetes mellitus + hypertension patients
Healthy subjects (n = 101)
T2DM (n = 97)
T2DM + HP (n = 70)
P1 value
Ptrend value
GLSepi, %-18.66 ± 1.58-17.33 ± 1.931-16.74 ± 1.931,2< 0.001< 0.001
GLSmid, %-21.58 ± 1.843-19.87 ± 2.211,3-19.28 ± 2.161,3< 0.001< 0.001
GLSendo, %-25.03 ± 2.243,4-22.97 ± 2.561,3,4-22.48 ± 2.501,3,4< 0.001< 0.001
PSD, msec28.79 ± 7.2534.92 ± 11.19139.23 ± 11.471,2< 0.001< 0.001
P2 value< 0.001< 0.001< 0.001
1Significantly different (P < 0.05) between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or T2DM + hypertension (HP) patients and healthy subjects.
2Significantly different (P < 0.05) between T2DM + HP patients and T2DM patients.
3Significant difference (P < 0.05) of GLSmid and GLSendo vs GLSepi in healthy subjects, T2DM patients and T2DM + HP patients.
4Significant difference (P < 0.05) of GLSendo vs GLSmid in healthy subjects, T2DM patients and T2DM + HP patients.
P1: Difference between healthy subjects and T2DM and T2DM + HP patients; P2: Difference between GLSepi, GLSmid and GLSendo in healthy subjects, T2DM patients or T2DM + HP patients. GLS: Global longitudinal strain; GLSEpi: Global longitudinal strain of the epimyocardium; GLSMid: Global longitudinal strain of the middle myocardium; GLSEndo: Global longitudinal strain of the endocardium; PSD: Peak strain dispersion.