Associations between remnant cholesterol levels and mortality in patients with diabetes

Table 3 Subgroup analyses on remnant cholesterol and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality

	Hazard ratio (95%CI)
	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	P for interaction
All-cause mortality
Gender
Male	Reference	0.84 (0.61-1.16)	0.67 (0.48-0.94)	0.96 (0.71-1.32)	0.36
Female	Reference	0.83 (0.57-1.19)	0.64 (0.44-0.93)	0.85 (0.59-1.23)
Age
> 60	Reference	0.93 (0.65-1.07)	0.72 (0.55-0.95)	0.89 (0.68-1.17)	0.45
< 60	Reference	0.76 (0.39-1.51)	0.44 (0.24-0.81)	0.91 (0.55-1.51)
BMI
> 30	Reference	1.13 (0.78-1.63)	0.77 (0.52-1.12)	1.09 (0.75-1.57)	0.57
< 30	Reference	0.70 (0.51-0.96)	0.66 (0.47-0.93)	0.89 (0.64-1.22)
Duration of diabetes
> 10 yr	Reference	0.97 (0.68-1.38)	0.69 (0.47-1.02)	0.78 (0.54-1.12)	0.53
< 10 yr	Reference	0.80 (0.57-1.11)	0.68 (0.49-0.94)	1.02 (0.73-1.41)
Ethnicities
Mexican American	Reference	0.59 (0.29-1.20)	0.55 (0.28-1.05)	0.73 (0.39-1.37)	0.85
Non-Hispanic white	Reference	0.85 (0.61-1.19)	0.62 (0.45-0.86)	0.86 (0.63-1.18)
Non-Hispanic black	Reference	0.91 (0.62-1.33)	0.97 (0.60-1.59)	1.02 (0.62-1.70)
Others	Reference	0.54 (0.27-1.07)	0.57 (0.28-1.15)	1.37 (0.71-2.63)
Cardiovascular mortality
Gender
Male	Reference	1.40 (0.75-2.61)	1.06 (0.58-1.95)	1.31 (0.76-2.26)	0.17
Female	Reference	0.75 (0.41-1.34)	0.39 (0.19-0.81)	0.76 (0.42-1.37)
Age
> 60	Reference	1.09 (0.70-1.71)	0.60 (0.36-1.01)	0.91 (0.58-1.44)	0.3
< 60	Reference	0.78 (0.22-2.81)	1.11 (0.35-3.49)	1.43 (0.46-4.49)
BMI
> 30	Reference	1.20 (0.65-2.19)	0.96 (0.50-1.85)	0.87 (0.48-1.58)	0.16
< 30	Reference	1.1 (0.60-2.07)	0.30 (0.15-0.60)	1.55 (0.90-2.66)
Duration of diabetes
> 10 yr	Reference	1.03 (0.54-2.00)	0.88 (0.44-1.77)	0.93 (0.47-1.80)	0.4
< 10 yr	Reference	1.14 (0.62-2.03)	0.53 (0.29-0.97)	1.07 (0.62-1.86)
Ethnicities
Mexican American	Reference	5.3 (1.44-19.01)	0.72 (0.18-2.91)	4.21 (1.20-14.7)	0.16
Non-Hispanic white	Reference	1.15 (0.65-2.04)	0.70 (0.39-1.26)	0.96 (0.56-1.67)
Non-Hispanic black	Reference	1.28 (0.69-2.38)	1.17 (0.49-2.81)	1.46 (0.73-2.91)
Others	Reference	0.35 (0.12-1.06)	0.12 (0.03-0.45)	0.57 (0.18-1.84)

Model 1: No adjustment; Model 2: Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), poverty-income ratio, education, survey period; Model 3: Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, poverty-income ratio, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, survey period; Model 4: Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, poverty-income ratio, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, survey period, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, and cancer. BMI: Body mass index.