Jianpi Gushen Huayu decoction ameliorated diabetic nephropathy through modulating metabolites in kidney, and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 and JNK/P38 pathways

Figure 6 Jianpi Gushen Huayu Decoction inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase/P38 pathway mediated apoptosis and improved kidney injury. A: TUNEL staining; B: Percentage of positive cells in TUNEL staining; C: Western blotting results; D: p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/JNK level; E: p-P38/P38 levels; F: Cleaved-caspase-3/caspase-3 levels; G: Cleaved caspase-9/caspase-9 levels. ^bP < 0.01 as compared to the control group; ^cP < 0.05 as compared to the model group; ^dP < 0.01 as compared to the model group. JPGSH: High-dose Jianpi Gushen Huayu Decoction; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase.