Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Diabetes. Mar 15, 2024; 15(3): 440-454
Published online Mar 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.440
Table 2 Baseline characteristics of study participants

Overall (n = 709)
Age (yr)
    18-25172 (24.3%)
    26-3582 (11.6%)
    36-45115 (16.2%)
    46-55177 (25.0%)
    56-65123 (17.3%)
    Above 6540 (5.6%)
Gender
    Male314 (44.3%)
    Female395 (55.7%)
HbA1C
    Less than 7%202 (28.5%)
    From 7%-8%226 (31.9%)
    From 8%-10%200 (28.2%)
    More than 1081 (11.4%)
Weight, mean ± SD76.72 ± 19.5
Pre-existing conditions
    Heart disease101 (14.24%)
    Hypertension271 (38.22%)
    Dyslipidemia241 (33.99%)
    Thyroid disease82 (11.56%)
    None233 (32.9%)
Education level
    Below primary school36 (5.1%)
    School (public education)225 (31.73%)
    Bachelor’s degree396 (55.9%)
    Post graduate degree52 (7.3%)
Living status
    City594 (83.8%)
    Village115 (16.2%)
Monthly household income
    < 4500 SAR46 (6.5%)
    4500-5999 SAR186 (26.23%)
    6000-9000 SAR67 (9.44%)
    > 9000 SAR145 (20.45%)
    Not disclosed265 (37.37%)
Diabetes duration (yr)
    < 189 (12.6%)
    1-5185 (26.1%)
    6-10134 (18.9%)
    > 10301 (42.5%)
Health care sector
    Government547 (77.2%)
    Private162 (22.8%)
Preference for diabetes care
    Primary care centers256 (36.1%)
    Diabetes care centers296 (41.7%)
    None157 (22.1%)
Frequency of diabetes provider visits
    Monthly263 (37.1%)
    Quarterly230 (32.4%)
    Annually207 (29.2%)
    None9 (1.3%)
Diabetes regimen
    Oral mediations246 (34.7%)
    Insulin299 (42.17%)
    Insulin and oral medications91 (12.8%)
    No medications73 (10.29%)
Number of total daily medications
    0-2 medications333 (47%)
    3-4 medications235 (33.1%)
    5-9 medications129 (18.2%)
    10 medications12 (1.7%)
Previous hospitalization due to diabetes complication
    Heart attack20 (2.82%)
    Diabetic foot27 (3.8%)
    Pneumonia74 (10.43%)
    Numbness in the limbs288 (40.62%)
    Kidney disease26 (3.66%)
    Stroke24 (3.38%)
    Diabetes related vision problems116 (16.36%)
    Hepatitis10 (1.41%)
    Shingles7 (0.98%)
    Erectile dysfunction20 (2.82%)
Previous depression diagnosis138 (19.46%)

  • Citation: Alqifari SF, Esmail AK, Alarifi DM, Alsuliman GY, Alhati MM, Mutlaq MR, Aldhaeefi M, Alshuaibi SA, Amirthalingam P, Abdallah A, Wasel AS, Hamad HR, Alamin S, Atia TH, Alqahtani T. Adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in diabetes mellitus patients in Saudi Arabia: A multicenter retrospective study. World J Diabetes 2024; 15(3): 440-454
  • URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v15/i3/440.htm
  • DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.440