Effect of three-week exercise program on muscle strength and joint mobility in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy: Randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Foot and ankle muscle strength examination, mean ± SD

	Intervention (n = 42)	Control (n = 40)	P value
Dorsal flexors
D1	13.12 ± 4.46	16.5 ± 4.18	< 0.001
D15	15.74 ± 4.7	16.6 ± 4.27	0.388
M6	13.79 ± 3.65	15.75 ± 3.87	0.021
D15-D1	2.62 ± 1.69	0.1 ± 1.35	< 0.001
M6-D1	0.66 ± 2.38	-0.75 ± 1.94	0.004
Plantar flexors
D1	20.95 ± 6.16	26.61 ± 5.78	< 0.001
D15	24.19 ± 6.03	26.91 ± 5.88	0.042
M6	22.74 ± 5.56	25.63 ± 5.66	0.022
D15-D1	3.24 ± 1.62	0.3 ± 1.48	< 0.001
M6-D1	1.79 ± 2.18	-0.99 ± 2.08	< 0.001
Score of muscle strength
D1	13.93 ± 4.41	10.33 ± 4.13	< 0.001
D15	12.48 ± 3.84	10.3 ± 4.15	0.016
M6	12.76 ± 3.82	10.53 ± 4.27	0.014
D15-D1	-1.45 ± 1.42	-0.03 ± 0.16	< 0.001
M6-D1	-1.17 ± 1.53	0.2 ± 0.56	< 0.001

P calculated by independent samples t test. D: Day; M: Month; D15-D1: Change in values at day 15 compared to baseline (day 1); M6-D1: Change in values at month 6 compared to baseline (day 1).