Effect of exercise during pregnancy on offspring development through ameliorating high glucose and hypoxia in gestational diabetes mellitus

Figure 4 High glucose and hypoxia promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of HTR8/SVneo cells. A and C: TUNEL staining assay results of cell apoptosis; B and D: Ki67 immunofluorescence results of cell proliferation. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001. GLUT: Glucose transporter; CoCl₂: Cobalt chloride; ACTB: β-Actin; PBS: Phosphate buffered saline.