Myricetin induces M2 macrophage polarization to alleviate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via PI3K/Akt pathway

Figure 6 Myricetin regulated the polarization of RAW 264. 7 cells to M2-type induced by high glucose. A: In vitro assay; B: Flow cytometry analysis of CD86-labeled and CD206-labeled RAW 264.7 macrophages induced with 33.3 mmol/L glucose and different concentration of myricetin; C: Levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by 33.3 mmol/L glucose and after treatment with 25 μM of myricetin detected by ELISA; D and E: Levels of iNOS, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and arginase-1 mRNAs (D) and proteins (E) induced with 33.3 mmol/L glucose and after treatment with 25 μM of myricetin detected by reverse transcription-PCR (D) and western blotting (E). Arg-1: Arginase-1; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL: Interleukin; iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase; HG: High-glucose. ^bP < 0.05.