Association of bone turnover biomarkers with severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Table 1 Basic and clinical characteristics of all participants and those in the no severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis and artery stenosis groups

Characteristics	All patients (n = 257)	NOCS group (n = 224)	AS group (n = 33)	P value
Age (yr)	66.0 (11.0)	66.0 (11.0)	68.0 (12.0)	0.236
Male, n (%)	121 (47.1)	103 (46.0)	18 (54.5)	0.358
Duration of T2DM (yr)	12.0 (13.0)	12.0 (14.0)	13.0 (11.0)	0.438
Risk factors, n (%)
Hypertension	189 (73.5)	165 (73.7)	24 (72.7)	0.910
Hyperlipidemia	124 (48.2)	112 (50.0)	12 (36.4)	0.143
CAD	74 (28.8)	63 (28.3)	11 (33.3)	0.548
Previous stroke	31 (12.1)	22 (9.8)	9 (27.3)	0.004
Current smoker	74 (28.8)	67 (29.9)	7 (21.2)	0.303
Current drinker	64 (24.9)	59 (26.3)	5 (15.2)	0.165
BMI (kg/m2)	25.76 (3.57)	25.78 (3.59)	25.76 (3.45)	0.597
Glucose (mmol/L)	7.48 (3.58)	7.49 (3.53)	6.72 (4.25)	0.563
HbA1c (%)	7.60 (2.50)	7.60 (2.60)	8.40 (2.90)	0.037
INS (µIU/mL)	12.21 (12.71)	12.00 (10.71)	16.82 (18.93)	0.159
CP (ng/mL)	2.33 (1.52)	2.33 (1.53)	2.40 (1.89)	0.754
TC (mmol/L)	4.26 (1.50)	4.27 (1.41)	4.23 (2.25)	0.721
TG (mmol/L)	1.48 (1.38)	1.50 (1.39)	1.41 (1.36)	0.433
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.38 (1.27)	2.39 (1.20)	2.27 (1.79)	0.781
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.12 (0.47)	1.13 (0.47)	1.04 (0.38)	0.320
Scr (µmol/L)	62.0 (24.0)	62.0 (22.8)	60.0 (43.0)	0.144
Bun (mmol/L)	5.98 (2.30)	5.92 (2.12)	6.82 (3.60)	0.137
UA (µmol/L)	341.0 (126.5)	342.0 (127.3)	339.0 (1520)	0.823
OC (ng/mL)	10.60 (5.87)	10.27 (5.87)	12.63 (7.07)	0.001
CTX (pg/mL)	0.31 (0.21)	0.29 (0.19)	0.39 (0.30)	0.007
PINP (pg/mL)	34.40 (20.96)	33.39 (20.37)	43.92 (25.50)	0.010

Data are presented as the mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. NOCS: No severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis; AS: Artery stenosis; CAD: Coronary artery disease; BMI: Body mass index; HbA1c: Hemoglobin; INS: Insulin; CP: C-peptide; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Scr: Serum creatinine; Bun: Blood urea nitrogen; UA: Uric acid; OC: Osteocalcin; CTX: C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen; PINP: Procollagen type I N-peptide.