Therapeutic role of growth factors in treating diabetic wound

Table 5 Gene delivery vectors applied for the growth factor treatment of diabetic wounds

Therapeutic agents	Delivery system and route	Response on wound closure	Ref.
Plasmid KGF-1	Intradermal injection	Enhanced wound closure at day 9	[382]
Plasmid TGF-β1	Intradermal injection	Complete wound closure by 7 d	[162]
Plasmid TGF-β1	Intradermal injection, Electroporation	Early induction of closure by day 5	[383]
Plasmid KGF-1	Intradermal injection, Electroporation	Enhanced wound closure at day 12	[384]
Minicircle-VEGF	Subcutaneous injection, Sonoporation	Complete wound closure by 12 d	[385]
Adenovirus encoding VEGF	Topical application to wound bed	Complete wound closure by 13 d	[386]
Adenovirus encoding VEGF	Intradermal injection	Complete wound closure by 27 d	[387]
Adenovirus encoding PDGF	Intralesional injection	Residual epithelial gap of 3 mm at day 7	[388]
Adenovirus encoding VEGF‐C	Intradermal injection	Complete wound closure by 21 d	[222]
Lentivirus encoding PDGF	Injected into base and wound margin	No effect	[389]
Adeno-associated virus encoding VEGF	Intradermal injection	Complete re-epithelialization at 28 d	[390]
Bicistronic Adeno-associated virus encoding VEGF-A and FGF4	Intradermal injection	Complete wound closure by 17 d	[391]
RGDK‐lipopeptide:rhPDGF-B lipoplex	Subcutaneous injection	Complete wound closure by 12 d	[392]
Minicircle VEGF	Subcutaneous injection	Complete wound closure by 12 d	[393]

VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; PDGF: Platelet-derived growth factor; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor.